Evaluation model of susceptibility to Cu hot shortness of Cu-containing LC steel

Jiang, Yinghua; Xie, Chunqian

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/207/1/012098

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In small quantities, nickel at low temperatures can enhance steel toughness [61]. The addition of nickel also reduces the effect of copper in hot shortness as it increases the liquid phase melting point or the solubility of copper in austenite, forming a Cu-Ni alloy [62,63]. These beneficial effects of nickel can be expressed by means of copper equivalent, same as Sn and Sb, as shown in Table 2 [63].…”

Section: Nickel (Ni)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of nickel also reduces the effect of copper in hot shortness as it increases the liquid phase melting point or the solubility of copper in austenite, forming a Cu-Ni alloy [62,63]. These beneficial effects of nickel can be expressed by means of copper equivalent, same as Sn and Sb, as shown in Table 2 [63]. The addition of an equal amount of Ni and Cu is effective in improving hot ductility, however, high additions of Ni may be required [64].…”

Section: Nickel (Ni)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring of less-common residual elements in scrap feeds for EAF steelmaking

Miranda

Assis

Brooks

et al. 2019

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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The steel scrap quality is classified according to the amount of residual elements. However, there is a limited analysis of some of the less common residual elements such as antimony (Sb), tungsten (W), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and molybdenum (Mo) mixed with steel scrap received by steel plants. This paper reports a historical analysis of these elements in the steel compositions from two steel plants, located in different regions, during 2011 to 2018, analysing around 21000 heats. The concentration of W and Sb dropped by 0.002%, due to the increasing recovery of non-ferrous metals from mixed scrap. It was found that the calibration and maintenance of the spectrometer used to analysis had a direct impact on the results. The presence of Sb, W and Co in the steel indicates contamination from other materials, since 80% of the use of these elements is in applications associated with non-ferrous materials. This is the first analysis of these elements in steel scrap reported the literature and the conclusion of the study is that more attention should be paid to monitor less common residuals elements, because analysis of these elements can provide information about the quality of the metal scrap.

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Section: Nickel (Ni)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nickel (Ni)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of less-common residual elements in scrap feeds for EAF steelmaking

Miranda

Assis

Brooks

et al. 2019

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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“…Most Cu containing steels such as weathering steels are low in Cu (0.3-0.5% Cu) [3], (all the element percentages given in this paper are weight per cent.) and generally, this problem of hot shortness is solved by adding Ni in the ratio of 1 Ni = 2 Cu so that the solubility of Cu in austenite is increased preventing its precipitation [4]. Si additions, by limiting oxidation through scale protection, can also be of help in preventing surface cracking and reducing the amount of Ni required [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cu and Ni on the Hot Ductility of Low C Steels with Respect to the Straightening Operation When Continuous Casting

Comineli

Qaban

Mintz

2022

Metals

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Cu-containing steels can suffer from hot shortness unless Ni is added to protect them but whether this problem also influences the straightening operation is not clear. Previous work on hot ductility has found that only when the tensile samples from Cu-containing steels are oxidised can any deleterious influence of copper be found. However, this paper shows that oxidation is not essential. It is more complex than that and, as Cu has been suggested for TRIP steels at levels up to 2.5% Cu to increase their strength and ductility, a greater understanding is required, both of hot shortness and cracking during straightening. The present paper explores the hot ductility behaviour of steels alloyed with Cu and Ni in the straightening temperature range, 700–1000 °C, when tested in air and in an argon atmosphere. Segregation of Cu to the sulphides and grain boundaries occurred allowing the formation of fine Cu2S particles at the austenite grain boundaries favouring intergranular failure and this was more pronounced under oxidising conditions and required strain. It was concluded that a Cu addition, as well as causing hot shortness at higher temperatures will also cause cracking problems in the straightening temperature range in the more sensitive to cracking grades of steel and although the problems are different they are nevertheless interrelated and provided there is sufficient Ni, both may be avoided.

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Nickel Alloying in Carbon Steel: Fundamentals and Applications

Mohrbacher

Kern

2023

Alloys

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Nickel is an important and widely used alloying element in carbon steels. Some of its prominent metallurgical effects in these steels are moderate solid solution strengthening, mild hardenability and, importantly, a strong promotion of toughness, especially at low temperatures. The first uses of nickel as an alloying element in commercial steel production date back to the early 20th century. The aim of the current review is to give the reader a thorough and concise overview of nickel functionalities relevant to modern carbon steel production. The interaction of nickel with other alloying elements and processing conditions is also considered. Examples will be given demonstrating the advantages of nickel alloying in selected steel grades and applications.

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Evaluation model of susceptibility to Cu hot shortness of Cu-containing LC steel

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Monitoring of less-common residual elements in scrap feeds for EAF steelmaking

Monitoring of less-common residual elements in scrap feeds for EAF steelmaking

Influence of Cu and Ni on the Hot Ductility of Low C Steels with Respect to the Straightening Operation When Continuous Casting

Nickel Alloying in Carbon Steel: Fundamentals and Applications

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