Evaluation of a collection of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) genotypes originating from the Maghreb for resistance to chocolate spot ( Botrytis fabae) by assessment in the field and laboratory

Bouhassan, A.; Sadiki, M.; Tivoli, Bernard

doi:10.1023/b:euph.0000009540.98531.4d

Cited by 79 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After two or three weeks, the larger lesions will turn gray. Symptoms are varied and range from small spots on the leaves to complete spotting of the entire plant [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan and Silver Nanoparticles as Control Agents of Some Faba Bean Spot Diseases

Ahmed¹

2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Faba bean (Vicia fabae L.) is one of the most economic legume crops in Egypt. The antifungal effects of different concentrations of Chitosan and silver nanoparticles (20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm and 100 ppm) were studied against aggressive isolates of Botrytis fabae and Alternaria alternata causing chocolate spot disease and Alternaria leaf spot disease respectively. Under laboratory conditions, the application of five concentrations of Chitosan nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles to the cultures of B. fabae and A. alternata showed significant inhibition of mycelial growth. Number of spores/ml decreased with increasing of nanoparticle concentration. Mycelial weight of fungal pathogens also decreased. The lesion growth was suppressed by increasing in the concentration of nanoparticles with significantly different relative to control using detached leaf test. Under greenhouse conditions, chitosan and silver nanoparticles were sprayed in concentrations 60 ppm, 80 ppm, and 100 ppm on faba bean plants. The tested nanoparticles showed significant effect against B. fabae and A. alternata relative to control. The obtained results indicated that the highest reduction of chocolate spot severity was obtained with treatment by 100 ppm of silver nanoparticles (52.94%) followed by chitosan nanoparticles 80 ppm (50.59%). While the application of 100 ppm of chitosan nanoparticles was highly efficient against Alternaria leaf spot where the reduction in disease severity (67.13%) followed by 100 ppm silver nanoparticles which caused reduction rate (61.5%). The obtained results indicated the possibility of using chitosan and silver nanoparticles as a substance in the manufacturing of fungicides to minimize the impact of chocolate spot and Alternaria leaf spot diseases in faba bean. However, further experimental trials under field conditions and safety evaluation studies are needed before the nanoparticles types and concentrations can be used as potential antifungal agents.

show abstract

“…After two or three weeks, the larger lesions will turn gray. Symptoms are varied and range from small spots on the leaves to complete spotting of the entire plant [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan and Silver Nanoparticles as Control Agents of Some Faba Bean Spot Diseases

Ahmed¹

2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…China leads in production, followed by Ethiopia, Egypt, Italy and Morocco (Bouhassan et al, 2004). The crop occupies the largest area among the pulses in Ethiopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in Ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in Faba bean

Sahile¹,

Fininsa²,

Sakhuja³

et al. 2010

African Crop Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the earliest domesticated food legumes in Ethiopia and is now cultivated on large areas in many countries. Production of the crop is, however, constrained by several disease infections including fungal diseases. The objectives of this work was to find out natural prevalence of Bacillus isolates on faba bean leaves in Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia; and to identify potential biocontrol agents for the management of chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae). Thirty eight distinct groups of isolates of Bacillus species out of a total 110 isolates obtained from 12 districts of north-west Ethiopia were found to occur on faba bean leaves. They differed in morphological and cultural characteristics. Thirty isolates of Bacillus spp. were tested for their effects on Botrytis fabae pathogen by dual culture technique on potato dextrose agar. Sixteen isolates produced 5 mm or higher inhibition zone and out of these isolate 43y and 56y were the most effective having inhibition zone of 8 and 7 mm, respectively. Isolates reduced the growth of the pathogen colony in dual culture by 23-64%. The highest reduction was caused by isolate 115y (64%), followed by 114-3y (52%) and 29y and 67y (50% each). Isolates of Bacillus were placed on actively growing colonies of B. fabae and were found to cause lysis of B. fabae mycelium. Eleven isolates caused 8 mm or higher lytic area of mycelium. Maximum lysis of mycelium was caused by isolates 111-1y (16.8 mm) and 116y (11.3 mm), and they were confirmed from CABI Global Plant Clinic as Bacillus and not pathogenic to plants and animals. Further evaluation of promising antagonistic isolates by the detached leaf technique showed that most of them reduced the disease development on leaves. However, the degree of disease reduction varied with cultivar. Isolates 108-2y, 20-2y, 47-2y and 36-1y proved most effective in retarding disease development on two susceptible and one tolerant cultivar and can be further explored for commercial use for management of chocolate spot disease of faba bean.Key Words: Bacillus spp., Biocontrol, Botrytis fabae, Ethiopia RÉSUMÉLe haricot faba (Vicia faba L.) est l'un des premiers domestiqués légumineuses alimentaires en Ethiopie et en est maintenant cultivé sur de grandes superficies dans de nombreux pays. La production de plant est toutefois limitée par des infections de plusieurs maladies don't les maladies fongiques. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de découvrir la prévalence naturelle des isolats de Bacillus sur des feuilles de haricot faba dans la régions d'Amhara en Éthiopie; et d'identifier d'éventuels agentd de lutte biologique pour la gestion de taches chocolats (Botrytis fabae). Trente huit groupes distincts d'isolats d'espèces de Bacillus sur un total de 110 isolats obtenus à partir de 12 districts du Nord-Ouest de l'Éthiopie avaient été trouvés présents sur des feuilles de haricot faba. Ils différaient par les caractéristiques morphologiques et culturales. Trente isolats de Bacillus spp. avaient été testés pour leurs ...

show abstract

“…(2012) who found significant variation among 13 faba bean genotypes in their response to B. fabae infections under field conditions. In general, moderate resistance to chocolate spot with partial dominance has been reported and the uses of moderately resistant cultivars are advised instead of depending solely on fungicides (Hanounik and Robertson, 1988;Bouhassan et al, 2004;Josefina, 2010). With regards to grain yield, CS20DK, Nc-58, Degaga and Moti were top yielding varieties with 1973 to 2100 kg/ha though there was inconsistent performance that could be partly explained by differences in soil texture and fertility across the experimental sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of improved faba bean varieties to chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae Sard.) epidemics across contrasting altitudes in southwest Ethiopia

Haile¹,

Adugna²,

Lemessa³

2016

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae Sard.) is one of the major diseases menacing faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production and restraining its productivity in Ethiopia and other African countries. The yield losses reach up to 100% on susceptible cultivars. Although a number of faba bean varieties with good yield potential have been released, their reaction to this major disease and yield performance are little understood in southwest Ethiopia. Thus, chocolate spot epidemics on 13 improved faba bean varieties were studied under natural infections at three sites varying in altitudes from 1805 to 2660 m in the Dawuro zone of southwest Ethiopia. The field experiments consisted of 14 treatments (13 varieties and a local cultivar) are laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications (40 plants/plot) during the 2011/2012 crop season. The onset and progress of chocolate spot severity was assessed (with a 1-9 scale) every seven days until the epidemic attained peak and then grain yield and 100-seed weight were recorded and statistically analysed. The varieties varied significantly (P < 0.001) in disease severity index, AUDPC and infection rates (r) values, grain yield and 100-seed weight. CS20DK, Degaga, Nc-58, Bulga-70, Tesfa and Kasa exhibited high to moderate resistance to chocolate spot with consistently slow progression and terminal disease severity, AUDPC-and r-values at all testing sites. The yield performance of CS20DK and Degaga were also superior at Tocha and Turi while Nc-58 (2027 kg/ha) and Moti (1973 kg/ha) that showed susceptible reaction gave good yield only at Tocha. This study indicated that improved faba bean varieties reacted differently to chocolate spot infection and yield potentials across varying localities, and thus better performing varieties such as CS20DK, Degaga and Nc-58 are recommended for faba bean production in southwest Ethiopia.

show abstract

Evaluation of a collection of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) genotypes originating from the Maghreb for resistance to chocolate spot ( Botrytis fabae) by assessment in the field and laboratory

Cited by 79 publications

References 12 publications

Chitosan and Silver Nanoparticles as Control Agents of Some Faba Bean Spot Diseases

Chitosan and Silver Nanoparticles as Control Agents of Some Faba Bean Spot Diseases

Evaluation of pathogenic isolates in Ethiopia for the control of chocolate spot in Faba bean

Reactions of improved faba bean varieties to chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae Sard.) epidemics across contrasting altitudes in southwest Ethiopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About