Evaluation of a high-resolution historical simulation over China: climatology and extremes

Yu, Enyan; Sun, Jun; Chen, Huopo; Xiang, Wu

doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2452-6

Cited by 114 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A coarse-resolution GCM will usually produce considerable discrepancies against observations when simulating the climate in China, such as significantly lower air temperature but more precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau, an artificial precipitation center over the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, and poor reproduction of regional details of climatic variables (Gao et al, 2008. With its advantages of more realistic topographic forcings and comprehensive physical processes, RCM dynamical downscaling is a method that offers great improvements to simulation results, such as a significant decrease in bias, better reproduction of regional details, and removal of the aforementioned artificial precipitation center (Gao et al, 2008;Wang and Yu, 2013b;Yu et al, 2015). The present study found that the simulation of climate in China can also be significantly improved by the direct use of a VFRGCM, i.e., a GCM that has a resolution almost equal to that of RCM dynamical downscaling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The product was developed by increasing the number of stations, in China, used in the interpolation of observations, from 751 in CN05 to 2416 in CN05.1, and was obtained from the China Meteorological Administration (Wu and Gao, 2013). The data are reliable and have been widely used as an appropriate reference for comparisons with simulation results Wang, 2013, 2014;Ma et al, 2015;Yu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is mainly due to its more realistic topographic forcings, comprehensive physical processes, and the related improvement in simulation results relative to the driving GCM (Ju et al, 2007;Yu et al, 2010Yu et al, , 2015Gao et al, 2012;Endris et al, 2013;Martynov et al, 2013). The method appears to be more effective for regions with complex topography, such as China, characterized by its wide variety of highly different landscapes, with the Tibetan Plateau and various mountain chains in the west and the north and lower lands in the east (Gao et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the WRF model (Skamarock et al, 2008) model was employed to simulate changes in climate extremes over China. Driven by MIROC5 (Hasumi and Emori, 2004) from CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 5) (Yu et al, 2015), it was found that WRF can better reproduce the main features of the climate extremes compared with MIROC5 (Yu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of a very-fine-resolution GCM with RCM dynamical downscaling in simulating climate in China

Guo

Wang

2016

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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Regional climate simulation can generally be improved by using an RCM nested within a coarser-resolution GCM. However, whether or not it can also be improved by the direct use of a state-of-the-art GCM with very fine resolution, close to that of an RCM, and, if so, which is the better approach, are open questions. These questions are important for understanding and using these two kinds of simulation approaches, but have not yet been investigated. Accordingly, the present reported work compared simulation results over China from a very-fine-resolution GCM (VFRGCM) and from RCM dynamical downscaling. The results showed that: (1) The VFRGCM reproduces the climatologies and trends of both air temperature and precipitation, as well as inter-monthly variations of air temperature in terms of spatial pattern and amount, closer to observations than the coarse-resolution version of the GCM. This is not the case, however, for the inter-monthly variations of precipitation. (2) The VFRGCM captures the climatology, trend, and inter-monthly variation of air temperature, as well as the trend in precipitation, more reasonably than the RCM dynamical downscaling method. (3) The RCM dynamical downscaling method performs better than the VFRGCM in terms of the climatology and inter-monthly variation of precipitation. Overall, the results suggest that VFRGCMs possess great potential with regard to their application in climate simulation in the future, and the RCM dynamical downscaling method is still dominant in terms of regional precipitation simulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of a very-fine-resolution GCM with RCM dynamical downscaling in simulating climate in China

Guo

Wang

2016

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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“…The anomaly approach first calculates a gridded climatology, then the final data-set is obtained by adding a gridded daily anomaly to the climatology. These data have been shown to be reliable and widely used in the evaluation of model performance over China (Yu et al, 2011;Bao et al, 2015;Yu et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2016). The CN05.1 data-set is interpolated to the WRF grids using the objective analysis interpolation (Barnes, 1964).…”

Section: Experiments Design and Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of different cumulus convective parameterization schemes on the simulation of precipitation over China

Huang

Gao

2017

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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The impact of two cumulus convective schemes on the simulation of the precipitation over China is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Simulations for the period of 1982-2004 are performed at a horizontal resolution of 30 km and forced by NCEP Reanalysis II data. Results show precipitation simulated with the WRF model is quite sensitive to the choice of Kain-Fritsch and Grell cumulus schemes. Both the schemes have distinct skills in predicting the seasonal mean pattern, annual cycle and interannual variation in precipitation. The results show that the Kain-Fritsch scheme tends to overestimate the magnitude of the summer and annual mean precipitation over the main rain-belts, while the Grell scheme tends to underestimate these effects, particularly the simulation of the summer extreme precipitation. However, the Kain-Fritsch scheme is more skilful in capturing the seasonal mean pattern and annual cycle with higher spatial correlations in the main rain-belts. The Grell scheme shows some advantages for northern China and the Tibetan Plateau, especially in representing the interannual variation. The optimal ensemble approach is used to determine the best combination of the two schemes, with the results giving a better overall performance than the individual schemes alone in predicting summer precipitation. The temporal correlation coefficient of precipitation for the ensemble is significantly higher, while the root mean square error of extreme precipitation is reduced compared with the Kain-Fritsch and Grell results. This shows that the ensemble approach based on the optimal ensemble weight combines the advantages of the two cumulus schemes efficiently.

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Dynamical downscaling of historical climate over CORDEX East Asia domain: A comparison of regional ocean‐atmosphere coupled model to stand‐alone RCM simulations

2016

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The FROALS (flexible regional ocean‐atmosphere‐land system) model, a regional ocean‐atmosphere coupled model, has been applied to the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) East Asia domain. Driven by historical simulations from a global climate system model, dynamical downscaling for the period from 1980 to 2005 has been conducted at a uniform horizontal resolution of 50 km. The impacts of regional air‐sea couplings on the simulations of East Asian summer monsoon rainfall have been investigated, and comparisons have been made to corresponding simulations performed using a stand‐alone regional climate model (RCM). The added value of the FROALS model with respect to the driving global climate model was evident in terms of both climatology and the interannual variability of summer rainfall over East China by the contributions of both the high horizontal resolution and the reasonably simulated convergence of the moisture fluxes. Compared with the stand‐alone RCM simulations, the spatial pattern of the simulated low‐level monsoon flow over East Asia and the western North Pacific was improved in the FROALS model due to its inclusion of regional air‐sea coupling. The results indicated that the simulated sea surface temperature (SSTs) resulting from the regional air‐sea coupling were lower than those derived directly from the driving global model over the western North Pacific north of 15°N. These colder SSTs had both positive and negative effects. On the one hand, they strengthened the western Pacific subtropical high, which improved the simulation of the summer monsoon circulation over East Asia. On the other hand, the colder SSTs suppressed surface evaporation and favored weaker local interannual variability in the SST, which led to less summer rainfall and weaker interannual rainfall variability over the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Overall, the reference simulation performed using the FROALS model is reasonable in terms of rainfall over the land area of East Asia and will become the basis for the generation of climate change scenarios for the CORDEX East Asia domain that will be described in future reports.

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Evaluation of a high-resolution historical simulation over China: climatology and extremes

Cited by 114 publications

References 45 publications

Comparison of a very-fine-resolution GCM with RCM dynamical downscaling in simulating climate in China

Comparison of a very-fine-resolution GCM with RCM dynamical downscaling in simulating climate in China

Impact of different cumulus convective parameterization schemes on the simulation of precipitation over China

Dynamical downscaling of historical climate over CORDEX East Asia domain: A comparison of regional ocean‐atmosphere coupled model to stand‐alone RCM simulations

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