Evaluation of a multiplex human immunodeficiency virus‐1, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus nucleic acid testing assay to detect viremic blood donors in northern Thailand

Nantachit, Niwes; Thaikruea, Lakkana; Thongsawat, Satawat; Leetrakool, Nipapan; Fongsatikul, Ladda; Sompan, Prakai; Fong, Yiu‐Lian; Nichols, David P.; Ziermann, Rainer; Ness, Paul M.; Nelson, Kenrad E.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01395.x

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The latter was adopted in affluent countries in Mediterranean Europe and Poland as well as in Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Thailand in Eastern Asia or in South Africa [19,[26][27][28][29][30]. In less affluent areas, the debate remains open.…”

Section: Anti-hbc Testingmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Indeed, HBV DNA yield appears directly related not only to the analytical sensitivity and pool size of the HBV NAT assay, but also to the analytical sensitivity of the HBsAg used for screening and to the general HBV prevalence in the donor population. HBV NAT yields reported from countries with low, moderate, and high HBsAg prevalence range between 1:4000 and 1:730,000 [22,65,72,[74][75][76][77], 1:4000 and 1:20,300 [26,27,[78][79][80], and 1:192 and 1:5200 [8,10,19,[28][29][30]81], respectively. As studies conducted in different countries used different serological and NAT assays with variable pool sizes, and were performed in selected (repeat, first time, or anti-HBc-positive donors) or unselected populations of blood donors, comparison of results is difficult.…”

Section: Estimation Of Hbv Residual Transfusion Transmission Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection

Candotti

Allain

2009

Journal of Hepatology

191

158

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major risk of transfusion-transmitted infection due to the pre-seroconversion window period (WP), infection with immunovariant viruses, and with occult carriage of HBV infection (OBI). Reduction of HBV residual risk depends upon developing more sensitive HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) tests, adopting anti-HBc screening when appropriate, and implementing HBV nucleic acid testing (NAT), either in minipools or more efficiently in individual samples. HBV NAT combines the ability to significantly reduce the window period and to detect occult HBV carriage substantiating decades of clinical observation that HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive blood could transmit HBV. Clinical observations suggest limited transmission rate of occult HBV compared to WP. Low transmission rate might be related to low viral load observed in OBIs or to the presence of mutants associated with occult carriage. OBIs carrying detectable anti-HBs ( approximately 50%) are essentially not infectious by transfusion. However, recent data suggest that the neutralizing capacity of low anti-HBs may be inefficient when overcome by exposure to high viral load. Anti-HBc blood units without detectable anti-HBs appear moderately infectious except in immunocompromised recipients. Immunodeficient elderly and patients receiving immunosuppressive treatments may be susceptible to infection with lower infectious dose even in the presence of anti-HBs. The immune status of blood recipients should be taken into consideration when investigating "post-transfusion" HBV infection. Pre-transfusion testing and post-transfusion long-term follow-up of recipients, and molecular analysis of the virus infecting both donor and recipient are critical to definitively incriminate transfusion in the transmission of HBV.

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Section: Anti-hbc Testingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Estimation Of Hbv Residual Transfusion Transmission Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection

Candotti

Allain

2009

Journal of Hepatology

191

158

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“…Other neighboring countries have not yet implemented NAT screening testing of blood donors. In countries with high endemism, such as Ghana, Hong Kong, India and South Africa, the reported NAT HBV yield ranged from 1: 186 to 1: 5,200 [28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Year Experience in NAT Screening of Blood Donors for Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Croatia

Stanić

Babić

Maslovic

et al. 2017

Transfus Med Hemother

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Background: Croatia implemented individual donation (ID)-NAT testing of blood donors in 2013 for three viruses HBV, HCV, and HIV-1 as a mandatory test for all blood donors. This study assessed the impact of NAT screening 3 years after its implementation. Methods: A total of 545,463 donations were collected and screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV-1 using the Procleix Ultrio Plus Assay. All initially reactive (IR) NAT samples were retested in triplicate and, if repeatedly reactive (RR), NAT discriminatory assay (dNAT) was performed. ID-NAT positive donations were confirmed by RT-PCR on the COBAS AmpliPrep/TaqMan platform. Results: Out of 545,463 samples tested, 108 (0.02%) were RR in NAT. There were 82 (75,9%) HBV reactive, 16 (14.8%) HCV reactive, and 10 (9.3%) HIV-1 reactive samples. 51 (47.2%) samples were ID-NAT positive only. Out of these 51 NAT yield cases, 1 window period HIV-1 and 50 occult HBV infections (OBI) were determined. There were only two potential HBV DNA transmissions from OBI donors. Conclusion: The implementation of NAT screening for three viruses has improved blood safety in Croatia. During the 3-year period, 1 window period HIV-1 and a number of occult HBV donations were identified.

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“…HCV araştırmasın-da kullanılan kitlerin paraproteinemi, üremi, RF pozitifliği gibi durumlarda yalancı pozitifliği de söz konusudur (35) . HCV antijen testi ve NAT kullanımı ile kan güvenliğinin arttırılması sağlanabilir (20,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)36) . Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde NAT kullanımı sonrası kan ve bileşenleri ile HCV bulaş riski 1:1,935,000 ünite olarak hesaplanmaktadır (21) .…”

Section: Hepatit C Virüsü (Hcv)unclassified

“…NAT sistemlerin etkinliğinin araştırıldığı çok sayıda karşı-laştırmalı çalışma mevcuttur. NAT'ın transfüzyon bulaş riskini azalttığını, ancak sıfırlayamadığını da belirtmek gerekir (20,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Infectious Agents Transmitted by Blood and Blood Component and Impacts of Nükleik Asit Amplifikasyon Test (NAT)

Savasci¹,

Avcı²

2016

IKSST

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ÖZ Kan ve kan¸bileşenleri ile bulaşan enfeksiyonlar, özellikle viral hepatit virüsleri ve insan immün yetmezlik virüsü¸ (HIV), ABSTRACT Especially viral hepatitis viruses and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which are transmitted by the transfusion of blood and blood products have been an important public health problem for a long time in the world. Transfusion of blood and blood products is an ideal, easiest and a simplest route for transmission of infectious diseases. It is known that many infectious agents, either bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal agents may be transmitted by the transfusion of blood and blood products. Nucleic Asit Amplification Test (NAT) provides additional layer of safety to the blood supply because it allows the detection of infectious agents during their incubation periods. Keywords: blood, blood center, infection, nucleic acid amplification test GİRİŞKan ve kan bileşenleri hayati tehlikeye neden olan birçok hastalık ve travmalarda tedavi amaçlı kullanı-lan bileşenlerdir. Kan ve kan bileşenlerinin tek kaynağının insan olması nedeniyle temini çok zor ve maliyet açısından oldukça pahalı bileşenlerdir. Kan naklinin güvenli bir şekilde yapılması, nakil sonrası ortaya çıkabilecek enfeksiyonların önlenebilmesine bağlıdır. Dünyada her yıl milyonlarca ünite kan ve kan bileşenleri kullanılmakta ve alıcıların bir kısmın-da transfüzyona bağlı enfeksiyonlar ortaya çıkmakta-dır. Kan ve kan bileşenlerinin kullanımı aracılığıyla bağışçıda mevcut enfeksiyon etkeninin alıcıya aktarılması tamamıyla engellenememektedir. Bu nedenle amaç, bu tip bulaşma risklerini "kabul edilebilecek kadar düşük" düzeylere indirgemek olmuştur (1) .Kan ve kan bileşenleri ile birçok enfeksiyon etkeni bulaşabilmektedir. Tarama testlerine rağmen neden enfeksiyon bulaşır sorusuna yanıt şu şekilde verilebilir. Transfüzyonla bulaşan enfeksiyon etkenlerinin dolaşımda uzun süre kalmaları, uzun inkübasyon süreleri, mutant suşların varlığı, asemptomatik klinikle seyretmeleri, kan ve kan bileşenlerinde stabilitelerini korumaları önemli özellikleridir. Enfeksiyon etkenleri arasında virüsler en önemli grubu oluştur-maktadır. En fazla sorun olan virüsler; hepatit B

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Evaluation of a multiplex human immunodeficiency virus‐1, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus nucleic acid testing assay to detect viremic blood donors in northern Thailand

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis B virus infection

Three-Year Experience in NAT Screening of Blood Donors for Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Croatia

Infectious Agents Transmitted by Blood and Blood Component and Impacts of Nükleik Asit Amplifikasyon Test (NAT)

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