Evaluation of a Switched Combining Based Distributed Antenna System (DAS) for Pedestrian-to-Vehicle Communications

Abstract

The safety of vulnerable road users is paramount, particularly as we move towards the widespread adoption of autonomous and self-driving vehicles. In this study, we investigate the use of a six-element distributed antenna system (DAS), operating at 5.8 GHz and mounted on the exterior (i.e., roof and wing mirrors) of an automobile, to enhance signal reliability for pedestrian-to-vehicle (P2V) communications. Due to its low complexity and ease of implementation, we consider the use of switch-and-examine combining with post-examining selection (SECps) scheme to combine the signal received by the DAS. During our experiments, a pedestrian wearing a wireless device on their chest either stood stationary or walked by the side of a road. It was found that the overall signal reliability depends on not only the number, but also different groupings of the antennas which are selected. The goodness-of-fit results have shown that the temporal behavior of the diversity gain was adequately described by the Gaussian distribution. Building upon this, we also provide some useful insights into the antenna selection through the comparison of three different antenna selection mechanisms, namely per-sample random antenna selection, oneshot antenna selection and per-sample optimal antenna selection.Index Terms-Antenna selection, distributed antenna system, diversity gain, pedestrian-to-vehicle communications, switched combining. I. INTRODUCTIONP EDESTRIAN-to-vehicle (P2V) communications and also the reciprocal vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communications are an important part of the so-called vehicle-toeverything (V2X) communications. These occur when a wireless device(s) situated on a person communicates with wireless devices located on a vehicle [1]. They have gained much attention recently as they will enable direct communications

Second Order Statistics of -Fisher-Snedecor Distribution and Their Application to Burst Error Rate Analysis of Multi-Hop Communications

“…Thus, the AF-RA vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications can be used in vehicular networks in the absence of LOS V2V conditions [68]- [71]. Moreover, the selection and switching strategies can be efficiently deployed in vehicular systems [49], [72]- [75].…”

Algoritmo de Decisão para Offloading Computacional em Vehicular Fog Computing com Pedestres

“…Ao habilitar V2X para VRUs, eles podem se tornar parte ativa do ITS (do inglês, Sistema de Transporte Inteligente) e possibilitar várias aplicac ¸ões de ITS nos campos de seguranc ¸a, prevenc ¸ão de acidentes, comunicac ¸ão, dentre outras [Sewalkar and Seitz 2019]. Trabalhos recentes buscam desenvolver o conceito de P2V (Pedestre-para-Veículo) e P2X (Pedestre-para-Tudo), semelhantes ao V2X, porém com o pedestre atuando como origem ou cliente de servic ¸os [Yoo et al 2021].…”