Evaluation of ACE gene I/D polymorphism in Iranian elite athletes

Shahmoradi, Somayeh; Ahmadalipour, Ali; Salehi, Mansoor

doi:10.4103/2277-9175.143242

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Saadat et al (2015), reported that the frequency of the D allele in Iranian sample (about 62.6%) seems to be more similar to the Caucasians (40–60%) than the Asians (25–40%) [17]. Despite this similarity to Caucasians and their potent association with ACE activity [27], the results of the present study do not support an association between elite athlete status and variations in the ACE gene among Iranians which is in contrast with some studies [10–12, 18, 28] who have reported differences in the allele frequency of performance genes such as ACE when excellent athletes were compared to controls. An increased frequency of the ACE I allele has been observed in high altitude mountain climbers [10, 11] and rowers [12], in comparison to non-athlete controls.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…It was demonstrated that frequency of the I allele (53.13%) was higher than the D allele in mixed-oriented athletes. Besides, I allele in athletes was significantly higher than controls [18]. According to this categorization, soccer is classified as mixed group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distribution of the I and D alleles in power-oriented athletes was equal (50%). While in endurance-oriented athletes, there was a clear increase in proportion of the D allele (63.51%) [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of ACE gene polymorphism with cardiovascular determinants of trained and untrained Iranian men

Falahati

Arazi

2019

Genes and Environ

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Background The insertion (I) rather than deletion (D) of human angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is associated with lower circulating ACE activity and with endurance performance among Caucasians. The frequency of the ACE gene I/D allele in Iranian sample seems to be more similar to the Caucasians. To assess the possible relationship between I/D polymorphism of ACE gene with athletic status and selected cardiovascular indices and VO 2max in an Iranian population, DNA samples were obtained from 57 trained and untrained men, with soccer as their main training modality. Genotyping for ACE I/D polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction. VO 2max was determined by an incremental test to volitional exhaustion on a motorized treadmill. Results I/D genotype was neither associated with elite athlete status nor with VO 2max , resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was no interaction effect of training statue x ACE genotype for each of the examined indices. Conclusions ACE gene variation was not a determinant of cardiovascular function and VO 2max in either trained or untrained Iranian participating in soccer. The absence of an association between either I/D genotype and elite Iranian athlete status and better cardiovascular function also suggests that the ACE gene does not contribute significantly to the phenomenal success of Iranian soccer players.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of ACE gene polymorphism with cardiovascular determinants of trained and untrained Iranian men

Falahati

Arazi

2019

Genes and Environ

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“…Since years, many of scientists study the role of Insertion/ Deletion polymorphism and their correlation between genetic and physiological backgrounds in sportspeople. Most research was concentrated on polymorphism in angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) among athletes [32–36], swimmers [1,37,38], football players [39], volleyball players [24,40] or ball games players [41]. There is no research relating to ACE polymorphism among horse riders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic conditionality of strength by the ACE gene in women horse riders

Majchrowicz

Matłosz

2020

Preprint

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25The sport performance relies on hard work, intensity, duration of workout and 26 undoubtedly on genetic background. These components fold on multicausal character of 27 sport achievements. One of the best known genes associated with sport performance is 28 angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE). In this study, we showed ACE distribution 29 in women horse riders and the correlation between physiological and genetic 30 background, that should be taken into account when deciding to train sports discipline. 31 Data from 40 healthy female adults were collected. Participants trained horse-riding for 32 at least 3 years and participated in sport competition at least at national level and control 33 group consist of out of training persons. We analysed BMI, %FAT, cardiorespiratory 34 efficiency (VO2max), Complex Reaction Time, body balance, force and Lower Limbs 35 Explosive Force between both calculated groups. Physiological data was calculated by 36 non-parametric Mann-Whitney test with Dunnett`s post hoc test. The DNA 37 amplification from saliva was performed by PCR method to analyze the ACE genotype 38 distribution. In our study, for the first time we showed that the women training dressage 39 have higher force and complex reaction time than the control group. It was correlated 40 with possession of the D allele in genotype that is associated with muscle strength, 41 efficiency and muscle power. There is no research relating to ACE polymorphism 42 among horse riders. This paper showed angiotensin converting enzyme gene 43 distribution polymorphism in female Polish professional horse riders. This article 44 confirms correlation between genotype, sports results and physiological parameters.45 3 47 1. INTRODUCTION 48 Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is well-known and one of the most 49 frequent under examined gene among sportsmen. An insertion/deletion (I/D) 50 polymorphism in the ACE gene occurrence is responsible for the control of blood 51 pressure in the body [1], as well as for predisposition to short-term or strength sports. 52 It's been long since known that sport success is the sum of genetic predisposition and 53 regular training. There is a lot of research of frequency of an insertion/deletion of 54 polymorphism among sportspeople training various olympic disciplines. Lack of 55 literature concerning I/D ACE polymorphism with horse-riders [1]. The aim of this 56 study was to show insertion/deletion of polymorphism in the ACE gene correlated with 57 horse-riders' physical condition and their professing sport discipline and enrich existing 58 literature about genetics of athletic performance. We also wanted to enrich the current 59 canon of knowledge about equestrianism.60Horse-riding is a highly demanding sport rank among olympic disciplines. It 61 split into 7 groups: dressage, show jumping, teaming, western riding, vaulting, long-62 distance rail and three-day event. Regardless of trained discipline, horse-riding demands 63 high physical condition, force and strength. Riding is most prestigious and...

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“…Iranian males 156 (37) 163 D-allele over-represented in cyclists compared to controls (Shahmoradi, Ahmadalipour, & Salehi, 2014 (Ahmetov, Druzhevskaya, et al, 2010 (Ahmetov et al, 2008).…”

Section: Case-control Professional Cyclists and Olympic-class Enduranmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tour de France Champions born or made: where do we take the genetics of performance?

Moran

Pitsiladis

2016

Journal of Sports Sciences

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(200 words)Cyclists in the Tour de France are endurance specialists. Twin and family studies haveshown that approximately 50% of the variance in a number of performance related phenotypes (whether measured at baseline, i.e. natural talent, or in response to training) including those important to cycling can be explained by genetic variation. Research into the specific genetic variants that are responsible has identified over 200 genes containing common genetic variants involved in the genetic predisposition to physical performance.However, typically these explain only a small portion of the variance, perhaps 1-2% and collectively they rarely explain anything approaching the 50% of the variance identified in the twin and family studies. Thus, there is a gap in our understanding of the relationship between heritability and performance. This gap may be bridged by investigation of rare variants or epigenetic variation or by altering study designs through increased collaborations to pool exiting cohorts together. Initial findings from such efforts show promising results. This mini-review will touch on the genetics and epigenetics of sporting performance, how they relate to cyclists in the Tour de France and where best future efforts may be directed as well as discuss some preliminary research findings.

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Evaluation of ACE gene I/D polymorphism in Iranian elite athletes

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Association of ACE gene polymorphism with cardiovascular determinants of trained and untrained Iranian men

Association of ACE gene polymorphism with cardiovascular determinants of trained and untrained Iranian men

Genetic conditionality of strength by the ACE gene in women horse riders

Tour de France Champions born or made: where do we take the genetics of performance?

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