Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Mercury, Cadmium and Zinc to a Freshwater Mussel <i>Lamellidens consobrinus</i>

Abstract

Acute toxicity testing of fresh water mussel Lamellidens consobrinus to HgCl2, CdCl2 and ZnSO4 was carried out. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of HgCl2, CdCl2 and ZnSO4 for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs were 1.9616, 1.8602, 1.6983 and 1.4066; 1.9050, 1.8631, 1.7542 and 1.6195; 1.9952, 1.9664, 1.9529 and 1.6756 ppm respectively. Analysis of results indicates that L. consobrinus is highly sensitive to HgCl2 than CdCl2 and ZnSO4. The toxicants can be arranged in order of their toxicities as Hg&gt;Cd&gt;Zn.DOI: 10.3126/on.v8i1.4326

Comparative sensitivity of European native (Anodonta anatina) and exotic (Corbicula fluminea) bivalves to mercury

“…Moreover, the 48 h-LC 50 of mercury to L. consobrinus was 1860 mg/L and the 96 h-LC 50 of this metal to L. marginalis was 10000 mg/L (Hameed and Raj, 1989;Bhamre et al 2010), whereas the 96 h-LC 50 of mercury to A. anatina determined in the present study was 49.6 mg/L. Therefore, despite the differences in the experimental conditions used in distinct studies, these findings suggest important differences of sensitivity to mercury among freshwater bivalve species.…”

“…fluminea was found to be more tolerant to several common environmental contaminants than other freshwater bivalves. For example, the 96 h median lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) of arsenic, zinc and cadmium to adult C. fluminea were 20.74 mg/L, 6.04 mg/L and 32 mg/L, respectively, while the corresponding values to adult Lammelidens corrianus, L. consobrinus, and Pisidium casertanum were 1.34 mg/L, 1.68 mg/L and 1.37 mg/L, respectively (Rodgers et al, 1980;Giesy et al, 1983;Mackie, 1989;Liao et al, 2008;Bhamre et al, 2010;Gulbhile and Zambare, 2013). However, C. fluminea is more sensitive to ammonia (96 h-LC 50 ¼ 13.96 mg/L) than Pyganodon grandis (96 h-LC 50 ¼ 25.13 mg/L); to lead (96 h-LC 50 ¼ 1.02 mg/L) than P. casertanum (96 h-LC 50 ¼ 23.50 mg/L) and to pentachlorophenol (96 h-LC 50 ¼ 0.23 mg/L) than Sphaerium novazelandiae (96 h-LC 50 ¼ 243 mg/L) (Mackie, 1989;Scheller, 1997;Hickey and Martin, 1999;Labrot et al, 1999;Jin et al, 2012).…”

Freshwater Mussels, Ecosystem Services, and Clean Water Regulation in Minnesota: Formulating an Effective Conservation Strategy

“…A review of metal toxicity to mussels has found that a possible cause of the widespread decline in freshwater mussels in North America could be chronic exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, and zinc [66]. Freshwater mussels have been foundto be particularly sensitive to mercury toxicity, with acute toxicity values for mercury ranked higher than those for cadmium and zinc [156]. In laboratory tests with the rainbow mussel (V. iris) mercury was confirmed to be toxic to both glochidia and juvenile mussels, with acute toxicity values in the range of 14-107 µg Hg/L for glochidia, and 99-162 µg Hg/L for juvenile mussels.…”

Changes in fatty acid profile of Holothuria forskali muscle following acute mercury exposure

“…As we proceeded in our previously published research (Rabeh et al, 2018), the animals were exposed to a range of mercury chloride (HgCl 2 ) concentrations as follows: (controls (0), D1 (40 μg•L -1 ), D2 (80 μg•L -1 ) and D3 (160 μg•L -1 ). Tested doses were chosen based on studies that investigated the effects of the acute exposure of marine invertebrates to mercury, using similar concentrations (Bhamre et al, 2010;Oliveira et al, 2015). The lowest concentration (40 μg•L -1 ) was in the range of concentrations that can be found in some heavily contaminated water bodies near industrialized areas (Alinnor, 2005;Guilherme et al, 2008); while the highest tested concentrations (60 and 80 μg•L -1 ), were selected to guarantee the observable effects of Hg and to elucidate the responsiveness of sea cucumber to the worst-case-scenario of mercury contamination.…”