Evaluation of Adhesive and Elastic Properties of Polymers by the BG Method

Abstract

The work of adhesion and the elastic contact modulus of the pair of interacting materials are a prerequesite in order to study adhesive interactions between solids. For small material samples, the contact modulus is usually evaluated by depth‐sensing indentation of sharp indenters, while the work of adhesion is determined by direct measurements of pull‐off force of a sphere. These measurements are unstable due to the instability of the load–displacement diagrams under tension, and they can be greatly affected by the roughness of the contacting solids. Using experiments for polyvinylsiloxane samples, it is shown how the work of adhesion and the elastic contact modulus of materials may be quantified using the BG method. This is a non‐direct method based on an inverse analysis of a stable region of the experimental force–displacement curves. The BG method is simple and robust. Nevertheless, the extracted values of both characteristics vary within the same polymer sample due to contact areas that possess interacting polymer molecules in various orientations. It was found that the average values of characteristics are very stable and the work of adhesion of polymers may be treated as a material parameter in statistical sense.

Evaluation of elastic modulus and hardness of highly inhomogeneous materials by nanoindentation

“…The DSNI techniques are widely used in materials science. Although, originally both depthsensing nanoindenters introduced by Kalei [29] and atomic force microscopes (AFM) introduced by Binnig et al [4] were based on the use of sharp pyramidal probes, currently the DSNI techniques with spherical probes (either at the tip of the indenter or attached to the end of the AFM cantilever beam) are also widely used (see [9] and references therein).…”

Adhesion of Soft Materials to Rough Surfaces: Experimental Studies, Statistical Analysis and Modelling

“…The effective contact modulus is E * = 69 • 10 3 Pa for the polydimethylsiloxane and epoxy resin replicas used in [5]. Then, one can estimate the specific work of adhesion using the JKR theory and experiments for smooth surface: w = 0.403 N/m (methods of experimental extraction w are discussed in [8,45]).…”

“…Then, depth-sensing indentation (DSI) tests were performed. The force tester Basalt 01 (Tetra GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany) used in the tests was described earlier in several papers (see, e.g., [7][8][9][10]). All measurements were carried out at a constant applied force (F load = 503.11 ± 23.43 µN).…”

Recent Advances in Synthesis and Characterization of Adhesives

“…In the current article series [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] entitled ''Recent Advances in Synthesis and Characterization of Adhesives,'' the latest word on such advances in the synthesis and characterization of adhesives is highlighted. These latest advances in Adhesion Science, Engineering, and Technology are presented by the ''Who's Who'' internationally in the area, firstly on the synthesis of various types of modern adhesives.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Different synthesis methods are discussed along with details on the effects of the properties of the initial adhesive components and also those of the applied synthesis method toward the final properties of the synthesized adhesives. [1][2][3][4][5] In addition to progress in synthesis, cutting-edge developments in characterization methods are highlighted next [6][7][8] in order to describe the influence of the properties of both the adhesive and the adherend on the final properties of the adhesiveadherend interface.…”