Evaluation of Agrowaste Species for Removal of Heavy Metals from Synthetic Wastewater

Abstract

This study’s goal was to learn more about how agrowaste plants tolerate, absorb, and accumulate a number of metals that are of relevance to the environment. Adsorption of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) ions from synthetic aqueous solutions and wastewater using natural waste residues (NWRs) such as moringa, Lupinus, sugarcane straw, and tea residue was evaluated. The adsorbents used for this study were prepared by washing, drying, and grinding. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were used to characterize the adsorbents’ waste residues. The effect of different parameters such as pH, dose of adsorbents, and the initial concentration of heavy metals, as well as the adsorption isotherm parameters were studied. Moringa, Lupinus, sugarcane straw, or tea residue results were found to fit the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity reached 14.59, 16.10, 12.73, and 15.01 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption study’s overall results indicated the removal efficiency pattern as moringa > tea > Lupinus > sugarcane straw. At a dose of 0.5 g/L, the maximum removal percentages for lead, chromium, selenium, copper, and zinc ions were 90.2, 76.55, 70.55, 76.6, and 78.9, respectively. The materials might be regarded as efficient adsorbents for extracting the ions Pb, Cr, Se, Cu, and Zn from wastewater, according to the research.

Removal of lead ions from wastewater using raw and activated carbon of Pterocarpus santalinoides shell

“…The adsorption capacity of both adsorbents decreased with increase in adsorbent dose. The decreasing rate of adsorption capacity obtained in this study may be due to over lapping of adsorbent sites as a result of crowding together of adsorbent particles (Ahmed et al, 2023). Also it is clear that the adsorbent made from the raw shell shows closed removal efficiency and adsorption capacity with the activated carbon shell as supported by the mineral composition result.…”

“…Lead (II) is a highly toxic metal, even at very low concentrations, and is a non-essential element because it has no known benefit to human health or other living things. The World Health Organisation's (WHO) desired limit of lead (Pb) concentrations in drinking water is 0.01 mg/l (Ahmed et al, 2023). The greatest strategy to prevent toxic metal pollution and consequent human poisoning is to treat heavy metalcontaminated wastewater before discharging, even though lead metal toxicity might be clinically diagnosed and treated.…”

Naturally derived organic biochar as an alternative to commercially activated carbon in the oxygen removal of seafood processing wastewater

“…The use of bark‐activated char in the treatment of grey wastewater showed a similar trend in COD, with a 94% reduction in COD 75 . Also different biomaterials have been applied for wastewater treatment such as silver nanoparticles, 77 magnetite nanoparticles 78 and agrowaste species 79 . Finally, as the majority of surface modification techniques for biochar are physical and chemical naturally occurring, 76 it is essential to look for natural or biological approaches.…”

“…75 Also different biomaterials have been applied for wastewater treatment such as silver nanoparticles, 77 magnetite nanoparticles 78 and agrowaste species. 79 Finally, as the majority of surface modification techniques for biochar are physical and chemical naturally occurring, 76 it is essential to look for natural or biological approaches. These methods have the potential to remove BOD and COD contaminants and can be easily replicated in low-and middle-income nations where nature-based, on-site wastewater treatment is the most affordable option.…”