Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Personalized Normative Feedback With and Without an Injunctive Message

Steers, Mai‐Ly N.; Coffman, Amelia D.; Wickham, Robert E.; Bryan, Jennifer L.; Caraway, Lisa; Neighbors, Clayton

doi:10.15288/jsad.2016.77.337

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Overall, there were 53 studies targeting alcohol, three studies targeting cannabis, and four studies targeting both alcohol and cannabis that reported sufficient effect size data to be included in the meta‐analyses. In 18 of the studies (Andersson, 2015; Bernstein, 2016; Butler, 2009; Cunningham, 2015; Gajecki, 2014; Kypri, 2008; LaBrie, 2013; Lewis, 2007; Murphy, 2010 study 2; Rocha, 2013; Steers, 2016; Suffoletto, 2012; Suffoletto, 2014; Wagener, 2012; Weaver, 2014; Witkiewitz, 2014; Christoff, 2015; Walton, 2013), there was more than one intervention group. We included the comparisons that were pre‐planned, and we specified the comparison condition for each included study in the Characteristics of Included Studies table ().…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early, computerized brief interventions on risky alcohol use and risky cannabis use among young people

Smedslund

Wollscheid

Fang

et al. 2017

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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This Campbell systematic review examines research on the effectiveness of early, computerized brief interventions on alcohol and cannabis use by young people who are high or risky consumers of either one or both of these substances. The review summarises findings from 60 studies from 10 countries. The participants were young people between the ages of 15 and 25, defined as risky consumers of alcohol or cannabis or both. The review included 33,316 participants. The interventions significantly reduce alcohol consumption in the short‐term compared to no intervention, but the effect size is small, and there is no significant effect in the long‐term. There are also shortcomings in the quality of the evidence. Interventions which provide an assessment of alcohol use with feedback may have a larger effect that those which do not, but again, the evidence is weak. The few studies on cannabis did not show significant effects in the reduction of cannabis consumption. There was no evidence of adverse effects. Plain language summary Computerized brief interventions seem to reduce risky alcohol use among young people; no evidence of effect on cannabis consumptionYoung people who abuse alcohol or cannabis are at risk of immediate and long‐term health and legal consequences. There is some evidence of an impact on alcohol use. Findings are hampered by a lack of rigorous evidence, so further research is needed. What did the review study?Alcohol abuse and use of recreational drugs among young people are significant public health concerns. These should be addressed by effective interventions that provide assistance and counselling to drug and alcohol users.A computerized brief intervention is any preventive or therapeutic activity delivered through online or offline electronic devices, such as a mobile phone, and administered within an hour or less, even a few minutes, of the substance abuse. Such interventions aim to reduce alcohol abuse or drug abuse in general. This review assesses research on the effectiveness of early, computerized brief interventions on alcohol and cannabis use by young people who abuse either one or both of these substances. What studies are included?The included studies employed randomized controlled trials and reported on any computerized brief intervention used as a standalone treatment aimed at reducing alcohol and cannabis consumption. The secondary outcome measured was reported adverse outcomes.The studies were conducted in the United States, New Zealand, The Netherlands, Sweden, Australia, Germany, Switzerland and Brazil, with one study conducted in several countries (Sweden, Belgium, the Czech Republic and Germany).The participants were consumers of alcohol or cannabis or both, and aged 15 to 25 years. A total of 60 studies with a sample size of 33,316 participants were included in the review. What are the main findings of this review?The interventions significantly reduce alcohol consumption in the short‐term compared to no intervention, but the effect size is small, and there is no significant effec...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early, computerized brief interventions on risky alcohol use and risky cannabis use among young people

Smedslund

Wollscheid

Fang

et al. 2017

Campbell Systematic Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Together, the results from Latimer and colleagues' (2011) study and ours suggest that interventions targeting normative misperceptions among women in jail may need to provide feedback based on participant group membership that includes similarity as to which substance‐related disorders are of concern. In addition, interventions may need to consider not only descriptive norms (estimates of substance use behaviors) as the present study did but also injunctive norms (the approval of substance use) by the selected reference groups, as injunctive norms were positively associated with drinking behavior among college students in some studies (e.g., Lee et al, 2007) although not others (e.g., Steers et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Substance Use Norms Among Jailed Women with Alcohol Use Disorders

Timko

Schonbrun

Anderson

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Social norms regarding substance use predict substance use behaviors. In a sample of jailed women with alcohol use disorders (AUDs), we compared (i) jailed women’s perceptions of the US women population’s rates of substance use, with US women’s actual rates of substance use; (ii) jailed women’s perceived rates of substance use by US women, with their perceptions of use by their own friends; and (iii) US women’s actual rates of substance use, with observed sample substance use rates. Methods Participants were 205 jailed women who met criteria for an AUD. We used the 1‐sample or dependent‐samples t‐test to make the comparisons. Results Participants overestimated US women’s rates of substance use and incarceration rates. They perceived their friends’ substance use as less common than US women’s. The jailed women reported higher rates of their own substance use than actual rates by US women. In addition, jailed women self‐reported less cannabis use, but more alcohol and cocaine use and cigarette smoking, than they perceived their friends to have used. The more women perceived their friends as drinking, the less they had a goal to drink less or abstain from drinking postincarceration; in contrast, perceptions of US women’s drinking were not related to personal goals for drinking. Conclusions Interventions that correct misperceptions about substance use norms may have utility for jailed women with AUDs.

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“…Despite their early promise, these approaches have generally been found to be ineffective (Foxcroft, Moreira, Almeida Santimano, & Smith, 2015), although they are still prevalent (Miller et al, 2013). Including injunctive information in interventions that present personalized normative feedback to at-risk students may have promise (Dotson, Dunn, & Bowers, 2015), but finding ways to present this normative information without raising resistance is an important task for future research (Steers et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting College Student Drinking and Smoking Intentions With Cognitively Accessible Attitudes and Norms

2019

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Understanding the factors that make college students more likely to drink alcohol and smoke cigarettes is key to developing effective interventions in order to reduce these behaviors. This study sought to understand entering college students’ intentions to engage in smoking and drinking behavior by examining the cognitive accessibility (ease of retrieval from memory) of attitudes and norms for drinking. A sample of 413 first-year college students living in on-campus residence halls participated in the study in the first 2 weeks of their first semester of college. Reaction time measures of attitudes and norms assessed the cognitive accessibility of these constructs. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted. Results indicated that the cognitive accessibility of both attitudes and peer injunctive norms predicted behavioral intentions to drink and smoke. Our findings indicate that when injunctive peer norms are accessible from memory, they are better predictors of drinking and smoking intentions than descriptive norms or injunctive family norms. Our work provides important guidance for interventions to reduce risky behavior in college students and suggests that emphasizing social costs of these behaviors may be a promising strategy.

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Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Personalized Normative Feedback With and Without an Injunctive Message

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of early, computerized brief interventions on risky alcohol use and risky cannabis use among young people

Effects of early, computerized brief interventions on risky alcohol use and risky cannabis use among young people

Perceived Substance Use Norms Among Jailed Women with Alcohol Use Disorders

Predicting College Student Drinking and Smoking Intentions With Cognitively Accessible Attitudes and Norms

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