Evaluation of Ammonia and Infectious Bronchitis Vaccination Stress on Broiler Performance and Carcass Quality

Quarles, C. L.; Kling, H. F.

doi:10.3382/ps.0531592

Cited by 77 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Increased moisture level of litter may result an increase incidences of disease in broilers, the potential to increase numbers of total bacteria within the litter, and an increase of insects which enhances the volatilization of ammonia. High concentrations of ammonia in poultry houses reduce body weights of birds (Quarles and Kling, 1974;Reece et al, 1979). Several studies documented that ammonia in the broiler house atmosphere reduces the feed efficiency of broilers (Quarles and Fagerberg, 1979;Quarks and Kling, 1974;Caveny et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of broiler chickens raised in boric acid amended chopped rice straw and paddy husk

Hashani

David

2018

AGRIEAST: J. Agri. Sci.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of broiler chickens raised in boric acid amended chopped rice straw and paddy husk

Hashani

David

2018

AGRIEAST: J. Agri. Sci.

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“…Levels of ammonia as low as 20 ppm have been shown to increase the susceptibility of chicken to diseases (7). Although poor aerial conditions normally don't cause disease directly, they do reduce the chickens' immune defenses, therefore making them more susceptible to existing viruses and pathogens (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration varies depending on many factors, among which are manure handling, temperature, humidity and ventilation rate of the facility. Hens exposed to high levels of ammonia can show reduction in feed consumption, feed efficiency, weight gain, and egg production (8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maintaining a proper ventilation can be costly for the farmers, but without it poor bird health and performance due to poor air quality can be much more detrimental to net returns. A part of the environmental conditions is the areal environment (8). The areal conditions in the poultry houses depend on physical (temperature, relative humidity, luminance, ventilation and dust) and chemical factors (compound of the air such as ammonia, carbon dioxide and oxygen) (1,2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air Quality Measurements in Laying Hens Housing

Prodanov

Radeski

Ilieski

2016

Macedonian Veterinary Review

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Ensuring good environmental conditions of the poultry houses can be costly for the farmers, but without it losses due to poor bird health and performance due to poor air quality can be much more detrimental to net returns. The goal of this study was to investigate the variations in air quality in various areas inside the laying hen houses. Ten houses with laying hen conventional battery cages were measured for O 2 , H 2 S, CO, NH 3, temperature, relative humidity, CO 2 , airfl ow and luminance. The results of the physical measures showed that temperatures in the houses were between 15.31-25.6°C, the relative humidity 48.03-81.12%, while the luminance rarely exceeded 8 lux. As for the gasses, the values for NH 3 rarely exceeded 8 ppm, although at some measuring points it reached 26 ppm. O 2 was generally at 20.9 %, and the levels of CO 2 were very low. No presence of H 2 S and CO was detected. In this study it was concluded that the measurement of the air quality in a house can vary depending of the places this measures are taken. Multiple measurement points are important because they may make the staff aware of the problems connected to low ventilation and culmination of harmful gases. The air quality in different positions in the houses is of great importance not only for the animal welfare, but also for the safety of the staff.

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“…Extensive research has been done on ammonia release from broiler buildings attending to its distinct effects: the environmental impact (Hayes et al, 2006;Siefert et al, 2004;Zhu et al, 2000), the negative effects on human health Koerkamp et al, 1998), the loss of nitrogen as a nutrient (Coufal et al, 2006;Guiziou and Béline, 2005), or the negative effects on broiler meat production and performance Kristensen and Wathes, 2000;Quarles and Kling, 1974;Reece et al, 1980;Reece et al, 1981;Robertson et al, 1990;Wathes et al, 2002;Xin et al, 1996). Table 5.1 summarizes the reported ammonia emissions obtained from the literature.…”

Section: Ammonia Emissions In Broiler Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental studies on gas and dust emissions to the atmosphere in rabbit and broiler buildings.

Sanz¹

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SummaryAtmospheric pollution caused by the intensive rearing of farm animals affects the global environment, human health and the welfare of farm animals. This topic has aroused increasing interest in countries such as Spain, where little research has been done until recently. This doctoral thesis focuses on the experimental measurement of concentrations and emissions of gases (ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide) and particulate matter (PM10) in broiler and rabbit farms, chiefly in Mediterranean climate conditions, and examines the different factors affecting these emissions. To fulfil these objectives, this thesis is composed of five different yet inter-related research studies. Firstly, the methodology followed to measure emissions is detailed. This methodology is based on a balance considering gas concentrations and ventilation flows. A procedure to analyse the uncertainty is proposed to obtain measurable indicators of the quality of the reported values. Secondly, the measurement of ventilation flows on commercial farms is described. This measurement consists of a circuit specifically designed to obtain and record information about the operation of the fans. Then, these two studies are applied to determine gas emissions in two commercial rabbit farms and one broiler facility in the Spanish Mediterranean coastal region. Finally, the influence of broiler activity on gas and particulate matter emissions is quantified in a study carried out in an experimental farm, and the applicability of an indirect method to determine ventilation flows in broiler farms based on a carbon dioxide balance was evaluated. The results obtained through these experiments and the subsequent analyses contribute to the general knowledge on gas emissions from broiler and rabbit farms, and they are highly useful to improve the national gas emission inventory.-iiEstudios experimentales sobre emisiones de gases y polvo a la atmósfera en alojamientos para conejos y pollos ResumenLa contaminación atmosférica originada por la producción animal intensiva afecta al medio ambiente global, a la salud de las personas y al bienestar de los animales de la propia granja. Se trata de una problemática de creciente interés en países en los que, como en el caso de España, se ha investigado poco hasta el momento. Esta tesis doctoral se centra en la medición experimental de concentraciones y emisiones de gases (amoniaco, metano, óxido nitroso y dióxido de carbono) y partículas (PM10) en granjas de pollos de cebo y de conejos, principalmente en clima mediterráneo, analizando los factores que afectan a dichas emisiones. Para ello, la tesis se compone de cinco trabajos de investigación diferenciados, aunque estrechamente relacionados entre sí. En primer lugar, se estudia en detalle la metodología empleada para medir las emisiones, basado en un balance en el que las variables son la concentración de gases y el flujo de ventilación; por otra parte, se desarrolla un procedimiento para el análisis de la incertidumbre cuyo objetivo es obtener indicad...

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Evaluation of Ammonia and Infectious Bronchitis Vaccination Stress on Broiler Performance and Carcass Quality

Cited by 77 publications

References 6 publications

Performance of broiler chickens raised in boric acid amended chopped rice straw and paddy husk

Performance of broiler chickens raised in boric acid amended chopped rice straw and paddy husk

Air Quality Measurements in Laying Hens Housing

Experimental studies on gas and dust emissions to the atmosphere in rabbit and broiler buildings.

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