Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis in sera and vaginal secretions.

Abstract

Using a whole-cell antigen antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgG antibody was found in sera from only three of 99 children under 12 years of age. In contrast, serum IgG or IgM antibody or both were detected in 80 40%o of women who had vaginal trichomoniasis and in 13-7 7o of uninfected women. Although antibody was found in cervical and vaginal secretions, the correlation between current infection and the presence of antibody was poorer than found between circulating antibody and infection. IgG or IgA antibody or both was detected in the secretions of 73* 207o and 41 %o of infected and uninfected women respectively. This may be accounted for, at least partly, by previous infection since antibody, circulating or local, was found most often in women who had a history of trichomoniasis. There was no indication that some other vaginal micro-organism stimulated antibody directed against T vaginalis.

Antitrichomonas IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgG subclass responses in human intravaginal trichomoniasis

“…This is in accordance with the findings of Su 1982 who observed local IgG antibodies in vaginal washes of 70.8% of infected and 23.3% of uninfected women. Ackers et al (1975) have shown IgG antibodies in vaginal washes of 76% T. vaginalis-infected women compared to 42% in uninfected women while Street et al 1982 detected IgG or IgA antibodies or both in 73.2% of infected compared to uninfected women. Similarly, Yadav et al (2005) also found IgG to be significantly more in vaginal washes of mice infected with T. vaginalis from symptomatic women compared to those infected with T. vaginalis from asymptomatic women.…”

“…Inherent virulence factors of parasite like cytoadherence (Valadkhan et al 2003;Arroyo et al 1993;Engbring and Alderete 1998;Mendoza-Lopez et al 2000), genetic variability (Kaul et al 2004), presence of dsRNA virus (Khoshnan and Alderete 1994;Alderete et al 2003), and the host's immune response to the parasite (Chipperfield and Evans 1972;Alderete et al 1991;Sharma et al 1991a;Malla et al 2004;Yadav et al 2006) seem to be important determinants of virulence. Significantly higher concentrations of specific IgG1, IgM, and IgA antibodies to trichomonads have been found in experimental study (Yadav et al 2005) and IgG and IgA in vaginal washes of women with symptomatic trichomoniasis (Ackers et al 1975;Street et al 1982;Su 1982). The role of IgG subclasses has been reported in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of many microbial diseases.…”

Plasma Antibodies against Trichomonas vaginalis and Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer

“…Very little is also known about the serologic response to T. vaginalis infection. In studies conducted to date, serum antitrichomonad antibodies have been observed in male and female patients with current trichomonosis (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and in those with a documented history of trichomonosis months to years previously (16,21). Although not specifically investigated for T. vaginalis, the response to other genital, mucosal infections (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis infection) is frequently stronger in those with chronic rather than acute infections (28).…”

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibody to Trichomonas vaginalis: use of whole cells and aqueous extract as antigen.

“…Various approaches have been used to assess immunological responses of patients with urogenital trichomoniasis.1''0 An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed, which uses whole organisms as antigen and identifies immunoglobulins to T vaginalis in body fluids. 9 Sensitive radioimmunoprecipitation and electrophoresis fluorography tests have also shown serum IgG antibodies against highly immunogenic trichomonal glycoproteins. " Furthermore, serum from experimental animals" 12 and man (Alderete, Spence, and Suprun, unpublished observation) had antibodies to membrane proteins of a trichomonad that is pathogenic to man.…”