Evaluation of an exposure system using cells grown on collagen gels for detecting highly volatile mutagens in the CHO/HGPRT mutation assay

Abstract

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were grown on hydrated collagen gels, the overlaying medium removed leaving the cells at an airkollagen interface, and the cells exposed to a dynamic flow of ethylene oxide. Increases in CHO cell mutant frequency and decreases in cell viability were observed. To establish if the exposure system could be simplified, cells were exposed in sealed bottles (static system) to ethylene oxide. No substantial changes in cytotoxicity, mutant frequency, or effective concentration were noted when comparing static versus dynamic exposure systems. The general usefulness of the exposure system using cells grown on collagen gels was evaluated in a static system using propylene oxide and 1,2dichloroethane, both of which were found to be mutagenic and cytotoxic. Comparatively, the exposure of cells by the collagen gel method was as effective in detecting genotoxic damage as were conventional methods (cells covered with medium) using cells grown on glass substrates. The exposure of CHO cells on collagen gels to highly volatile mutagens was simple and inexpensive, and may be generally useful in the detection of gaseous or volatile mutagens.

Evaluation of Effects from Repeated Inhalation Exposure of F344 Rats to High Concentrations of Propylene

“…The extensive genotoxicity data available for PO have recently been reviewed (Albertini and Sweeney, 2007). PO demonstrates mutagenic and clastogenic effects in vitro (Agurell et al, 1991;Bootman et al, 1979;McGregor et al, 1991;Zamora et al, 1983), but in vivo exposures to PO by relevant routes (oral and inhalation) have not resulted in measurable genotoxic effects, not micronucleus (MN) induction (Bootman et al, 1979), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), chromosomal aberrations (CA) following chronic exposures in monkeys (Lynch et al, 1984b), nor dominant lethal effects in mice (repeated dose and oral gavage; Bootman et al, 1979) or rats (repeated dose and inhalation; Hardin et al, 1983). In contrast, repeated ip injection of very high doses of PO into mice resulted in quantifiable increases of MN, SCE, and CA (Farooqi et al, 1993).…”

Sensing the Difference: The Influence of Anisotropic Cues on Cell Behavior

“…Nowadays, the use of the air-liquid interface culture (ALI, Figure 3A) has become a traditional system used to cultivate epithelial cells because it resembles the physiological condition (Voisin et al, 1977;Zamora et al, 1983Zamora et al, , 1986De Borja Callejas et al, 2014) and thus makes possible to perform drug testing, among other analysis, in physiologically relevant environments (Kooter et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2014b;Ashraf et al, 2015).…”

Human Health Safety Evaluation of Halon Replacement Candidates

“…Consideration should be given also to minimize cost and select only , Ao treated groups for the 14-day study. For chemicals that appear to be more potent, i.e., categories I and II ( Krahn et al (1982) and Zamora et al (1983). A reference for testing vapor of halon replacement candidates in L5178Y cells is Dodd et al (1997).…”