Evaluation of an Intervention to Promote Self-Management Regarding Cardiovascular Disease: The Social Engagement Framework for Addressing the Chronic-Disease-Challenge (SEFAC)

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are predominantly lifestyle related. Mental health issues also influence CVD progression and quality of life. Self-management of lifestyle behaviors and mental well-being may play a significant role in reducing the CVD burden. Previous studies have shown that mindfulness practices are associated with psychological well-being, but their effects on CVD self-management are mainly unknown. Methods: The study had a before–after design and included adults over 50 years with CVD and/or one or more risk factors from three European countries. Follow-up was six months. The intervention was a 7-week mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) in a group setting focusing on chronic disease self-management. Outcomes were measured with validated self-report questionnaires at baseline and follow-up: self-efficacy, physical activity, nutrition, smoking, alcohol use, sleep and fatigue, social support, stress, depression, medication adherence, and self-rated health. Results: Among 352 participants, 324 (92%) attended ≥4 of the 7 group sessions and completed follow-up. During follow-up, self-efficacy, stress, social support, depressive symptoms, and self-rated health significantly improved. No significant changes were detected for other outcomes. Conclusions: A 7-week MBI focusing on chronic disease self-management was conducive to improved self-efficacy, emotional well-being, social support, and self-rated overall health during six months. These findings support the use of MBIs for improving self-management in cardiovascular care. ISRCTN registry-number ISRCTN11248135.

Chinese Community Home-Based Aging Institution Elders’ Self-Management of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Its Interrelationships with Social Support, E-Health Literacy, and Self Efficacy: A Serial Multiple Mediation Model

“… 38 General self-efficacy is an essential belief factor in self-management, that is, the stronger the sense of general self-efficacy, the stronger the confidence in disease management. 53 Serial multiple mediation models have demonstrated that e-health literacy and general self-efficacy serially mediate the relationship between social support and self-management, thus supporting Hypothesis 4, which has similarities and differences with the findings of previous studies. 39 , 54 To fully encourage patients’ behavioral motivation and achieve self-empowerment, the use of e-health literacy to increase patients’ self-management ability should also pay more attention to patients’ general self-efficacy.…”

The effect of a community-based group intervention on chronic disease self-management in a vulnerable population

“…While there is a widespread belief in the importance of self-management programs for improving health behaviors in people with chronic conditions (10,52,53), the present study failed to show the effects of a well-established CDSMP on health behaviors. A recent study of a comparable CDSMP also reported no effect on health behaviors (54). Similarly, a meta-analysis and systematic review of self-management intervention studies showed improvement in subjective wellbeing, but overall, there were no effects on physical activity, diet and nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption, and blood pressure (55,56).…”

Exploring the Role of Self-Efficacy in Maintaining Healthy Lifestyle Habits among Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases; Findings from the Multi-Center IACT Cross-Sectional Study

“…In a survey regarding smoking cessation among cardiac patients, it was found that self-efficacy is a good predictor of the intention to quit smoking and indirectly mediates abstinence [ 43 ]. The findings suggest that self-efficacy plays a critical role in reducing smoking rates, particularly in challenging circumstances such as social events or exposure to smoking peers [ 44 , 45 ].…”