Evaluation of analgesic activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaf of Plumeria rubra in albino rat

Abstract

Objective: Plumeria rubra is an important traditional medicinal plant used in various ailments and the indigenous plant as a medicament for treatment of various inflammatory conditions is well documented in literature. The analgesic activity was evaluated by hot-plate and acetic acid induced writhing methods.Methods: The leaves of P. rubra were collected from the local area in and around Palakkad, Kerala (India). About 1500 g of the powder was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus for 12 h using 5.0 L of Ethanol as solvent. The test extracts was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg while Pentazocine (5 mg/kg) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg) served as standards.Results: The ethanolic extract of 200 mg/kg having significant analgesic activity in Acetic acid induced abdominal writhing response and percentage of inhibition (PI) (p<0.01 )when compared to control.. The Ethanolic extract of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg exhibited significant analgesic activity in the hot plate method (p<0.001) by increasing the pain reaction time (PAT) of the rats to sec 7.25±0.38 at 45 min after treatment in comparison to control (4.08±13).Conclusions: The results suggest that ethanolic extracts of P. rubra possesses potent analgesic properties, which support its use in traditional medicine and suggesting that the plant should be further investigated for its pharmacological active natural products.

Chemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Ziziphus Mauritiana var. spontanea (Edgew.) R.R. Stewart ex Qaiser & Nazim. and Oenothera Biennis L.

“…Tese results are in line with [29] who reported efective analgesic results from methanolic extracts of Phyllanthus seeds. Pain inhibitory activity of plant extracts may be interrelated to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis [30]. Te analgesic activity of Z. mauritiana and O. biennis might be due to several bioactive constituents such as terpenoids, favonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids which were detected in plant extracts.…”

Anthelmintic and Analgesic Activities of Trachyspermum Khasianum H. Wolff

“…The study was carried out following the process as referred by Venkatachalam et al [ 16 ]. Analgesic activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of T. khasianum H. Wolff was assessed using Eddy’s hot plate method [ 26 ].…”

“…Most of the currently available analgesics drugs such as NSAIDs and opioid analgesics are probably having their side effects such as gastric erosions, leg swelling, constipation, and so on, as well as tolerance and dependence, so the use of these drugs have not been a successful one. Therefore, analgesic drugs lacking those side effects, researches have been searched for alternatives NSAIDs and opiates analgesics drugs worldwide [ 16 ]. Thus, re-evaluate analgesics drugs having lower side effects possibly to those of herbal sources is an important need [ 17 ].…”

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“…Pain has been officially defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. It is always a warning signal and primarily protective but often causes a lot of discomforts and lead to many adverse effects 1,2 . Analgesics relieve pain as a symptom, without affecting its cause.…”