Evaluation of Anti-Tetanus Immunity in Haemodialysis Patients

Jahromi, Abdolreza Sotoodeh; Raoofi, Rahim; Sarikhani, Marzieh; Madani, Abdoulhossain

doi:10.3844/ajisp.2009.108.112

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is notable that some factors such as chronic kidney disease and haemodialysis can reduce the immune response to vaccines (Jahromi et al, 2009;2011) and it has been not investigated between kidney function tests and immunity to pnemococcal vaccine in this research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to Pneumococcal Vaccine in Splenectomized Î²-Thalassemia Patients

David¹

2012

American Journal of Immunology

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Problem statement: Splenectomy is accompanied by a lifelong risk of overwhelming post splenectomy infection, mainly caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mortality rate in those infected patients remains high. Therefore the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine has been recommended. Approach: To obtain information on the immunity levels of pneumococcal antibody, in splenectomized Î²-thalassemia patients in south of Iran. Patients and methods: This descriptive and cross sectional study was carried out on 263 splenectomized Î²-thalassemia patients in south of Iran, June 2007-September 2008. Anti-pneumococcal vaccine antibody concentrations were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The patients were divided into two groups based on antibody concentrations: Group 1: Hyporesponsiveness patients or non-immune with less than 250 mU mL^-1 antibody concentrations and group 2: Immune patients or responder with equal or more than 250 mU mL^-1 antibody concentrations. Results: The results showed that 33.80 and 66.20% of the patients were immune and non-immune to pneumococcal infections, respectively. There was an inverse significant between Immunity level with the period after pneumococcal vaccination (r = -0.683, p = 0.0001). Conclusion: These results suggest that a high percentage splenectomized Î²-thalassemia patients are poor responders to pneumococcal vaccination. Therefore evaluations immunity levels of pneumococcal vaccine and re-vaccination for pneumococcus are recommended in these patients

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to Pneumococcal Vaccine in Splenectomized Î²-Thalassemia Patients

David¹

2012

American Journal of Immunology

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“…These vaccinations have decreased the incidence and changed the epidemiology of these diseases (Zarei et al, 2007), but there is no routine vaccination for hemodialysis patients and So far only a few studies have focused on seroresponse to tetanus toxoid in these patients in Iran (Sagheb et al, 2009;Jahromi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to Diphtheria in Haemodialysis Patients

Jahromi¹

2011

American Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Problem statement: The incidence of infectious diseases is increased in patients with chronic renal failure. Chronic renal failure severely influences the immune functions of the host. Diphtheria is of great epidemiological concern. Although mainly observed during childhood, unvaccinated adults and relatively immunocompromised patients are at increased risk for acquiring diphtheria. Approach: To evaluate the anti-Diphtheria immunity level in southern Iranian patients with end stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis and to find its association with sex, age, blood hemoglobin, serum albumin and duration of dialysis. This cross sectional study was carried out on a total of 52 patients, who were on hemodialysis and 52 age and sex matched healthy individuals with without any underlying renal disease as a control group. Subjects in the both groups receiving anti-diphtheria toxoid vaccine or immunoglubins a year prior to the study were excluded. The serum anti-diphtheria IgG antibody levels were measured by an ELISA method. Results: Diphtheria protected individuals in the patients and the control groups were 34.6 and 63.30% respectively. Of the evaluating factors just hemodialysis duration found to affect on diphtheria immunity. Conclusion: Diphtheria protected individuals in the patients group were significantly less than diphtheria protected individuals in the control group (p = 0.011). Hemodialysis duration has significant effect on anti-diphtheria immunity level.

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Immunization in End‐Stage Renal Disease: Opportunity to Improve Outcomes

Soni

Horowitz

Unruh

2013

Seminars in Dialysis

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Infection is the second most common cause of death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), following cardiovascular causes. Immunization is a fairly simple, but underutilized, strategy for prevention of infectious morbidity and mortality in patients with kidney failure. It is imperative for nephrologists and primary care providers to have an understanding of immunization as an essential component of preventive healthcare measures in this high-risk population. Patients with ESRD represent a unique population due to their immunosuppressed state, dialysis-related exposures and suboptimal response to routine vaccines. While the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) provides guidelines for vaccination of patients with renal disease against Hepatitis B, influenza and pneumococcal disease, the data on immunization against other commonly preventable infectious diseases are lacking. This article reviews the recent evidence on immunization in the ESRD population and synthesizes the related implications for maximizing prevention of infectious diseases in this high-risk population.

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Evaluation of Anti-Tetanus Immunity in Haemodialysis Patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Immunity to Pneumococcal Vaccine in Splenectomized Î²-Thalassemia Patients

Immunity to Pneumococcal Vaccine in Splenectomized Î²-Thalassemia Patients

Immunity to Diphtheria in Haemodialysis Patients

Immunization in End‐Stage Renal Disease: Opportunity to Improve Outcomes

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