Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Efficacy of the Fern Azolla caroliniana Symbiotic with the Cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae

GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Hosttoxicity Studies of Azolla caroliniana Symbiotic with the Cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae

“…5 The methanol extract of A. caroliniana was recorded the best antibacterial activity against S. aureus in vitro, controlling the bacterial lawn at a MIC value of the methanolic extract, 1.89 mg/mL; the highest concentration required for the total control any of 7 MDR bacterium was 21.67 mg/mL methanolic extract as the minimum bactericidal concentration value. 5 Thus, both antioxidant and antibacterial efficacies of the fern were elucidates. This work on chemical profiling of the fern as well as, toxicity analysis with umbilical cord blood lymphocytes adds to the confidence that this could be further cultivated aesthetically for use as supplementary food, and the Chinese uses as food is justified.…”

“…This study on gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of methanolic extract of A. microphylla was the continuation of the previous study on the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the fern, 5 for assessing its bioactive compounds in detail. In addition, host toxicity testing of the fern extract of with in vitro cultured lymphocytes from human umbilical cord blood was pursued, similar to the recently surging 'predictive toxicology' work, described on a chemical of environmental concern, 11 since host toxicity testing is an essential corollary to such a scientific assertion of a nonconventional (but generally known as non-toxic) Indian plant species as a food-grade plant for man, in corroboration to the previous nutrition-level checking report 12 and organoleptic work.…”

“…Methanolic extract was prepared by the cold extraction method from the dried mass, using a vacuum rotary evaporator for a semisolid mass as described. 5 The extract was further stored in small vials in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), for a concentration of 100 mg/mL.…”

“…Preliminary phytochemical analyses of fern-extracts with solvents, chloroform, ethanol, methanol and n-hexane for the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, resin, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids were recorded. 5 Intuitively, there had been a logistic interest in detailing the phytochemical contents of biologically active extract of A. caroliniana, due to its dual beneficial medicinal role. However, the first attempt on the phytochemical composition of the Indian species, A. filiculoides described the presence of C-glycosyl flavones.…”

“…9 In the previous work on A. caroliniana it was found that methanol extract of plant had considerable amounts of phenolic compounds justifying its antioxidant capability; additionally, methanol, ethanol and chloroform extracts of A. caroliniana were recorded the presence of flavonoids, phenols, saponins and tannins. 5 Methanolic extract of A. microphylla, was used for assessing antibacterial activity in vitro against with bacterium, Xanthomonas oryzae pathogenic on rice and bioactive compounds as a mixture of eicosenes and heptadecanes were reported with a GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction.…”