Evaluation of Antibiotic Residue in Cow Milk and Its Impact on Danio Rerio

Abstract

Ceftriaxone (CEFT), a widely used wide-spectrum beta -lactam cephalosporin antibiotic, is used to treat bovine mastitis, which is caused by a variety of bacteria. When this antibiotic is used injudiciously, it leaves a residue that persists after pasteurization. Antibiotic residue contamination occurs when antibiotic residue exceeds its Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs).This has a negative impact on both public health and the environment. The aim of a recent study was to determine the concentration of ceftriaxone residue (CEFTR) in raw and pasteurized mastitis cow milk, as well as its role in developmental toxicity and genotoxicity in zebra fish model. CEFTR concentrations in raw and pasteurized milk were several times higher than CEFT's MRL. CEFTR showed a decrease in body length and yolk sac region of zebra fish larvae 7-amino cephalosporanic acid (7-ACA), C3 and C7 are the cephalosporin constituents that produced by the breakdown of CEFT that may present in CEFTR, have an impact on the zebra fish embryo in this stage of development. Comet Assay or single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) also exhibited highest percentage of tail DNA, and tail moment that is the ultimate indicator of DNA damage by breaking DNA strands and incorporating guanine residue in the genome that ultimately damages DNA. As a result, the CEFTR is extremely concerning for public health and the environment. The toxic effects of the CEFTR in zebra fish model have not been studied yet. This is the first comprehensive study.