Evaluation of antihypertensive potential of Ficus carica fruit

Abstract

Context: Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) fruit is said to possess cardiovascular activity and has been used empirically in traditional phytotherapies for the treatment of hypertension and various other cardiovascular diseases. Objective: This study investigated the antihypertensive and cardioinhibitory activity of the aqueous-methanol extract of F. carica fruit in rats. Materials and methods: Extract in 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses (p.o.) were administered to normotensive Sprague Dawley rats and blood pressure was measured using non-invasive technique. Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of 10% glucose for 3 weeks. Hypotensive effect of extract (1000 mg/kg p.o) was studied in normotensive and glucose-treated hypertensive rats. Langendorff’s isolated heart technique was used to assess the effect of crude extract on force of contraction and heart rate. In addition, antioxidant potential, TPC, TFC were also assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging activity, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and AlCl3 assay, respectively. Furthermore, phenolic compounds were analyzed using HPLC-DAD technique. Results and discussion: The 1000 mg/kg dose decreased blood pressure significantly in normotensive and glucose-treated hypertensive rats. The isolated heart study showed that the extract produced negative inotropic and chronotropic effects but it failed to block the stimulatory effect of both adrenaline and CaCl2. HPLC studies on the F. carica extract indicated the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, coumaric acid and chromotropic acid. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that aqueous methanol extract of F. carica fruit exerted hypotensive and antihypertensive effects in glucose-induced hypertensive rats.

Phytochemical and Biological Studies of Carissa macrocarpa, F. Apocyanaceae

“…Six groups each of six male-Neizuland rabbits (1.75±0.25 kg) were used. The experiment was carried out according to Langendorff procedure [21,22]. At the beginning, the selected rabbits were injected with heparin (1000 IU) through the marginal ear vein.…”

<i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation of the Chemical Composition and Various Biological Activities of Ficus carica Leaf Extracts

“…It is cultivated worldwide and has been traditionally used in indigenous systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda and homeopathy, for cardiovascular and hypertensive diseases. 1,2 Its fruit possesses several vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and phenolic compounds, for instance, phenolic acids, flavonols, and flavones, which play a significant role in its therapeutic efficiency. [3][4][5] Many reports also stated that the polyphenolic ingredient of the fruit has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects.…”

Traditional Uses, Pharmacological Efficacy, and Phytochemistry of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori. —A Review

“…Various anti-hypertensive drugs have been developed for the treatment of hypertension. But the drugs showed efficacy along with associated side effects (Alamgeer et al, 2017 ). Investigations on edible and medicinal plants remain important since it has potential benefits (Kalia, 2005 ).…”