Evaluation of antimicrobial action of healing abutment before and after coating with nanoparticles impregnated with essential oil in type 2 diabetic mellitus- A randomized control trial 

Abstract

Background Dental implants have been validated as a reliable and valid method of replacing lost teeth in recent years, with a principal success rate of roughly 94.6%. Dental implant therapy failures are frequently caused by inadequate stability or misfitting at the implant-abutment interface. In actuality, bacterial infiltration and inflammatory cells are brought on by a micro-gap at the interface between two-tier implants with variable fluid flow at this contact, which results in bone loss nearby. Chitosan is a naturally occurring, non-toxic, biodegradable polysaccharide that is generated from chitin. It is extensively utilized in medicine, particularly for implant coatings, drug transporters, and wound care. Cinnamon is known to include proanthocyanidins, which can disrupt biological processes, and cinnamaldehyde, which is extremely electronegative. The antibacterial qualities are mostly due to the contributions of both components. The increasing number of failed implants is driving up demand for novel biomaterials that can reduce the risk of surgical site infections. Antibacterial techniques were considered in addition to nanotechnology in order to reduce the risk of infections around the implants, irrespective of surface science focused on enhancing the osseointegration process. Based on local drug delivery models, these methods necessitated specific surface modifications to effectively incorporate antibacterial agents on the surface and subsequently deliver them to the targeted anatomical areas upon implant placement. Methods A total of 36 patients will be chosen from the Prosthodontics outpatient departments at Sharad Pawar Dental College, DMIHER, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha. Methodology 1. Patients will be screened and allocated to two groups: A healing abutment coated with and without nanoparticles in a randomized manner. 2. Saliva Bio Oral Swabs will be used to collect 1 mL of saliva from each patient in an unstimulated manner. 3. To assess the antibacterial activity of the healing abutment with or without coated with nanoparticles, the saliva sample will be sent to the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, DMIHER microbiology department. Discussion In order to prevent S. epidermidis biofilms from forming, R Magetsari et al. conducted a study in 2014 to examine the impact of covering chitosan and cinnamon oil as a bio-adhesive on the surfaces of stainless-steel orthopedic implants. This study showed that, at a minimum concentration of 1%, a combination of chitosan and cinnamon oil coating on the surface of stainless-steel orthopedic implants affects S. epidermidis biofilm formation. Trial registration: CTRI/2024/05/067110 registered on May 9, 2024.