Evaluation of antimycobacterial, leishmanicidal and antibacterial activity of three medicinal orchids of Arunachal Pradesh, India

Bhatnagar, M; Sarkar, Nandan; Gandharv, Nigam; Apang, Ona; Singh, Sarman; Ghosal, Shibnath

doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1884-z

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…14 Similarly a study of Himalayan orchids also showed the active antibacterial components in the low polar solvent extracts. 10 According to Kueteet al MIC less than 100µg/ml should be considered as potent and MIC between 100-625 µg/ml is moderate. This is a well-documented standard for antibacterial activity of any extract or compound/s.…”

Section: Identification Of the Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…India, a country with rich biodiversity, spanning with variety of ecosystem across the altitudes has many untapped natural resources. 10 A systematic screening of plant species may lead to the development of a potent antimycobacterial drug/s. According to the report by UNESCO, the Western Ghats or the Sahyadrimountains running parallel to the west coast of India is a "hot spot" of biological diversity in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening and Identification of Anti-Mycobacterial Plants

Priyadarshini

Aranganathan

2019

Int J Life Sci Pharm Res

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) and is one of the majorcauses of death in the world. One third of the population suffers with TB and there is no potential drug introduced in the past 5 decades. The drugs currently used are ineffective due to the emergence of MDR (Multidrug Resistant Strain), XDR (Extreme Drug Resistant strain) and other co-infections. Hence there is a need for a potent molecule that can inhibit the growth of mycobacterium effectively. The plant kingdom provides a large variety of naturally occurring phytochemicals and other secondary metabolites which are known to be antibacterial. Therefore the present study focuses on screening and identification of potent antimycobacterial plants. Various parts of the plant including leaves are traditionally used for treating a wide spectrum of diseases. In the screening studies of dry leaf (methanolic extracts) of plants from the Western Ghats region gave rise to two potent anti-mycobacterial plants. These plants were identified as TithoniadiversifoliaHemsl.A. Gray(TD) and CouroupitaguianensisAubl. (CG). Both TD and CG plants showed significant anti-mycobacterial activity conducted by well diffusion assay having clearance zone of 15.6 mm and 17.3 mm respectively. These plant extracts were further purified with polar solvents and potential antimycobacterial extracts were tested for their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The MICs for TD ethyl acetate extract and CG chloroform extract were reported as less than 64µg/ml and 64µg/ml respectively. The entire investigation of anti-mycobacterial study was conducted against Mycobacterium smegmatis whichis a model organism for mycobacterial studies. These results show that both plants contain potent anti-mycobacterial compound(s) that can be further investigated for purification and isolation of bioactive compound which can be useful in the production of novel drugs.

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Section: Identification Of the Plant Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and Identification of Anti-Mycobacterial Plants

Priyadarshini

Aranganathan

2019

Int J Life Sci Pharm Res

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“…Another flowering plant is Satyrium napalense, specifically, the n-hexane fraction of its flowers. The MIC values are 15.7 and 62.5 µg/ml against sensitive and resistant strains [15]. The tree, native to Indomalaysia and Australasia, Melia azedarach, belonging to family Meliaceae, contains limonoids in its fruits, characteristic substances for Rutaceae of that family.…”

Section: Extracts and Natural Substances Isolated From Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-tubercular substances produced by plants

Polak¹,

Kapka‐Skrzypczak²

2017

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Tuberculosis is one of the common causes of death worldwide, and according to the World Health Organization, in 2015, about 10.4 mln people globally is suffering from that disease. Despite great development in medicine and discovery of many antimycobacterial drugs, tuberculosis remains an unsolved problem. The populations of countries in Africa, Asia and South America have difficult access to hygiene, medical care and medicines, and they therefore resort to consulting traditional practitioners who mainly use drugs from natural sources which they prepare themselves. Plants are the biggest source of such medicines and are used as extracts, decoctions or powders, often without any evidence of their actual activity. Isolates from plants sometimes contain unknown substances or some second metabolites of microorganisms. In vitro studies have shown that some of these medicines have effective antimycobacterial properties, even against clinical, resistant strains. This is hopeful in the situation where more and more cases of tuberculosis prove to be resistant to standard drugs. Extracts of medicinal plants are often synergistic with synthetic drugs. Substances with insufficient MIC can be a basis for derivatives which have better properties. This thesis summarizes the current international knowledge of the use of plant substances used in the treatment of tuberculosis that could be potential new antituberculous drugs.

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“…Preclinical studies showed that it possesses antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and wound healing properties [4]. In our previous study, we investigated three medicinal orchids of AP, namely, Rhynchostylis retusa, Tropidia curculioides, and Satyrium nepalense by bioassay-guided fractionation for antimycobacterial, leishmanicidal, and antibacterial activity [5]. This resulted in the identification of the diethyl ether (Et 2 O) fraction of the roots of T. curculioides (TC) as most active fraction with maximum antibacterial potency of 125 µg/ml minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Fraction of Tropidia Curculioides, a Rare Orchid of Arunachal Pradesh, India: Phytochemical Profile and Marker Compounds

Sarkar

Avasthi

Ghosal

2018

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: Chemical profiling of the most active fraction of Tropidia curculioides, isolation and characterization of marker compounds along with the evaluation of biological activity. Methods:The most active Et 2 O fraction of roots of T. curculioides (TC) was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass selective detector. Repetitive chromatography followed by high-performance liquid chromatography of the active fraction afforded three major compounds. The structure of the compounds was established by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectral analysis. Antibacterial activity of the compounds was determined by agar well diffusion method against five multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by microdilution method. Scanning electron microscopy was performed with compound 2 against Escherichia coli cells at MIC (15 µg/ml). Results:Analysis of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) spectra revealed that the isolated compounds constituted 27.16% of the total constituents. Two other chemical classes, namely, saturated fatty acids and sterol constituted 38.04% and 12.49%, respectively. The structure of the compounds was characterized as 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde (1), bisphenol F (2), and 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (3). The most significant bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against E. coli comparable to that of tetracycline and gentamicin was observed with compound 2. Microscopic study confirmed that compound 2 affects integrity of cell membrane severely, causing death of the bacterium. Compound 1 and 3 showed moderate to good antibacterial activity against E. coli and Enterococcus sp. Cell cytotoxicity of the compounds was well within permissible limit. This is the first report of compounds in TC. Conclusion:The study identified three marker compounds from the less polar fraction of the roots of TC with significant antibacterial activity. The GC-MS spectra with marker compounds could be treated as the chemical fingerprinting of the bioactive fraction. The outcome justifies the use of the plant in traditional medicine.

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Evaluation of antimycobacterial, leishmanicidal and antibacterial activity of three medicinal orchids of Arunachal Pradesh, India

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Screening and Identification of Anti-Mycobacterial Plants

Screening and Identification of Anti-Mycobacterial Plants

Anti-tubercular substances produced by plants

Bioactive Fraction of Tropidia Curculioides, a Rare Orchid of Arunachal Pradesh, India: Phytochemical Profile and Marker Compounds

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