Evaluation of Antinociceptive Activity of Ethanol Extract of Leaves ofAdenanthera pavonina

Abstract

Adenanthera pavonina is a deciduous tree commonly used in the traditional medicine to treat inflammation and rheumatism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of ethanol extract of leaves of A. pavonina (EEAP). EEAP was investigated using various nociceptive models induced thermally or chemically in mice including hot plate and tail immersion test, acetic acid-induced writhing, and glutamate- and formalin-induced licking tests at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (p.o.). In addition, to assess the possible mechanisms, involvement of opioid system was verified using naloxone (2 mg/kg) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathway by methylene blue (MB; 20 mg/kg). The results have demonstrated that EEAP produced a significant and dose-dependent increment in the hot plate latency and tail withdrawal time. It also reduced the number of abdominal constrictions and paw lickings induced by acetic acid and glutamate respectively. EEAP inhibited the nociceptive responses in both phases of formalin test. Besides, the reversal effects of naloxone indicated the association of opioid receptors on the exertion of EEAP action centrally. Moreover, the enhancement of writhing inhibitory activity by MB suggests the possible involvement of cGMP pathway in EEAP-mediated antinociception. These results prove the antinociceptive activity of the leaves of A. pavonina and support the traditional use of this plant.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activity of Pollen Extract Collected by Stingless Bee Melipona fasciculata

“…Thus, the action of the extract in the first phase, reducing paw licking time is typical of an action demonstrated by centrally acting drugs (opioids) such as morphine, which also produces effects in the second phase [43]. However, the effect of the extract in the second phase may reflect not only the central action of the extract, but also a peripheral action, by inhibiting biosynthesis of mediators responsible for inflammation, such as inhibition of cyclooxygenase and consequently prostaglandins, such as It was also suggested by Moniruzzaman et al [43] who reported that Adenanthera pavonin ethanolic leaf extract inhibited nociceptive responses in both phases of the formalin test. Choi [44] also found that the Pinus spp., pollen ethanolic extract (100 and 200 mg/kg, orraly) produced a significant inhibition of both phases of the formalin pain test in mice, and the author suggest that the different polyphenols found in pine pollen could be responsible for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity’s.…”

Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract and Fractions of the Root Bark of Callichilia stenopetala Stapf. (Family Apocynaceae) In Mice

“…52,53 Tannin and flavonoid, phenolic compounds are known to be powerful antioxidant and play role in analgesic activity primarily by their scavenging activities. 54,55 The study showed that both the central and the peripheral analgesic effects of the test extract seem to be more pronounced or significant in the polar fractions (ethyl acetate > aqueous) which may be due to its polyphenolic content. The total phenolic content of the extract measured using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was calculated as 70.00 mg g -1 in terms of gallic acid.…”

Evaluation of Antinociceptive Activity of Ficus Religiosa Root Extract in Swiss Albino Mice

“…Several studies have shown that the presence of phytochemical constituents such as tannin, saponin and glycoside have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities through inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase pathway. 20 Different flavonoid molecules possess analgesic activity by inhibiting phospholipase A2 and thus they reduce production of arachidonic acid metabolites i.e. prostaglandins and leukotrienes.…”