“…Four studies [16,17,32,33] were on metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, and FeO), four studies [20][21][22]25] were on non-metallic substances (PLR, AFI, turmeric, GsRb1), and two studies [23,24] were on biologically active substances (IL-1Ra and uricase). Five studies [16,17,21,32,33] used BALB/c mice, four studies [20,22,23,25] used Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, and only one study [24] used the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Among the 10 studies included, five studies [20,[22][23][24][25] included only male animals, and the remaining five studies [16,17,21,32,33] included both male and female animals.…”