Evaluation of antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of fruit rind extract of Garcinia dulcis (Roxburgh) Kurz

Abstract

Background:Garcinia spp. belongs to the family Clusiaceae has been traditionally used for the treatment of many ailments including the liver damage. Garcinia dulcis found in North Eastern region of Assam; India can be a potential candidature to combat different ailments. Objective: The present work has been designed in such a way to appraisal the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of fruit rind extract of this plant.Materials and Methods:The antioxidant activity was investigated through the various in vitro models, namely, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine, 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, nitrite oxide. Phytochemical investigation for total phenolic and flavonoids contents were carried out by standard protocol. For the evaluation of hepatoprotective activity, albino Wistar rats were divided into five groups, five animals per group and activity was determined by measuring the contents of liver function marker enzymes such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and biochemical parameter, that is, Bilirubin and total protein. Histopathology observation of liver sections was conducted.Results:Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of both phenolic and flavonoid groups in the extract in a significant amount. Antioxidant activity of the plant extract was observed in all models and percentage of inhibition was dose-dependent. Intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride, elevated the liver function enzymes, bilirubin, and suppressed the production of total protein. Pretreatment with the extract decreased the SGOT, SGPT, ALP, and bilirubin level significantly and increased the production level of total protein in a dose-dependent manner. The histopathological observation supported the hepatoprotective potentiality of the extract.Conclusion:The results indicate that fruit rind part of G. dulcis is nontoxic and the plant can utilize as an antioxidant source. The plant has a protective agent for liver damages and other diseases caused by free radicals.SUMMARY In vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective activity was evaluatedMethanolic extract was subjected to quantify the both phenolic and flavonoid contents. The extract showed the significant amount of both phenolic and flavonoids contents. The extract showed the free radical scavenging activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine, 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid and nitrite oxide modelsThe extract was administrated against the carbon tetrachloride intoxicated animal models to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity by determining the level of liver marker enzymes such as serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, SGOT, alkaline phosphatase and biochemical parameter such as protein and bilirubin. Pretreatment with the extract reversed the elevated level of the enzymes and increased the protein level in a dose-dependent mannerThe histopathological observations of the liver sections supported the hepatoprotective activity of the ex...

Physiological and Metabolic Effects of Yellow Mangosteen (Garcinia dulcis) Rind in Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome

“…In this study, we also found improvements in liver structure and function by decreased collagen deposition and reduced aspartate transaminase activity in HGD rats compared to H rats, similar to a previous study with G. dulcis fruit rind [8]. In addition, administration of 20 mg/kg/day of garcinol decreased aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activities compared to diabetic rats [37].…”

“…The crushed fruit is used as an expectorant to clear sputum, alleviate cough, treat scurvy and as a mild laxative [2,5,6]. An extract of G. dulcis fruit showed hepatoprotective and anti-proliferative properties [7,8].…”

Antiproliferative Activity and Antioxidant Potential of Extracts of Garcinia gardneriana

“…On the other hand, higher values were found in studies carried out on the fruit pulp regarding the presence of phenolic compounds in G. humilis (373 mg GAE 100 g −1 ) and G. xantochymus (100.55 mg GAE 100 g −1 ) [11] and in fruits of G. pedunculata (189.8 mg ± 65.0 GAE 100 g −1 ) and G. Morella (183.0 mg ± 62.0 GAE 100 g −1 ) [17]. The leaf aqueous extract of Garcinia brasiliensis presented 343.98 ± 4.8 mg GA/g and Fukugiside as a major component and showed important antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, besides not having shown cytotoxic activity in human dermal fibroblasts, making its use a potential for the development of new drugs for cutaneous lesions' treatment [12].…”

“…The determination of the chemical profiles of FEE (fruit ethanolic extract), EEFH (hexane fraction), EEFC (chloroform fraction), EEFA (ethyl acetate fraction), EEFW (hydromethanolic fraction), EEL (ethanol leaf extract), EELH (hexane fraction), EELC (chloroform fraction), EELA (ethyl acetate fraction), and EELW (hydromethanolic fraction) were performed based on UV, MS, and MS/MS data as compared with data described in the literature [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Twenty-six compounds were tentatively identified ( Table 1 and Table 2 , Figure 1 ).…”

“…In addition, there are studies on the anticancer activity of plants belonging to the genus Garcinia , such as the case of Garcinia dulcis fruit methanolic extract, which has anticancer activity in the liver cancer cell line (HepG2) [ 16 , 17 ].…”