Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, cytotoxic effects and anti-bacterial activity of selected mangrove plants (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera littoralis) in Bangladesh

Abstract

Objectives: In this present study, antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, cytotoxic and anti-bacterial activities derived from methanol extracts of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Heritiera littoralis were investigated in order to determine their medicinal activities.Materials and methods: Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method and aluminum chloride methods were used to determine the mangroves' total phenolics and total flavonoid content, respectively. Antioxidant capacity was assessed via the following methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH), 43 mM H 2 O 2 , Fe 2+ quenching assay, and anti-hemolytic activity. Brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality assay was also carried out to determine the cytotoxic potential of the mangroves along with antibacterial activity test using five Gram-negative and another two Gram-positive bacterial strains.Results: The mangroves yielded 58.917 ± 0.601 and 36.625 ± 0.551 mg Gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g sample and 76.417 ± 0.19 and 113.637 ± 0.17 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g sample in B. gymnorrhiza and H. littoralis, respectively. Methanol extracts of both mangroves exhibited high radical scavenging activity against DPPH, H 2 O 2 and Fe 2+ radicals. The reductive capacity of the extracts increased with increasing concentrations of samples, and the extracts inhibited H 2 O 2 induced hemolysis in human red blood cells (RBCs). Antioxidant properties were found to be moderately weaker than that of the reference standard, L-ascorbic acid (AA), and Gallic acid (GA). Further, brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality assay revealed significant cytotoxicity (241.4 and 272.6 μg/mL, respectively). Methanol extracts could also inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacterial strains. Conclusion: This study showed that the crude methanol extract of selected mangrove plants possesses free radical scavenging, anti-hemolytic, cytotoxic and anti-bacterial activity. The experimented plant has the potential to be used as a traditional medicine and replace synthetic drugs. Further studies are necessary to isolate active compounds responsible for the overall antioxidant activity of the crude extracts.

Chemical Fingerprinting, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Hydroethanolic Extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum

“…The thrombolytic potential of T. foenum-graecum extract is an important finding, which may have implications in cardiovascular health, especially in atherothrombotic patients. These results are in agreement with Ktari et al [ 62 ], which also reported cytotoxicity of T. foenum-graecum extract, and no hemolytic activity was reported against bovine RBCs.…”

Anti-haemolytic and cytogenotoxic potential of aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata (L.) and its bio-fabricated silver nanoparticles

“…This implies that Am-AgNPs is best used at lower concentration because a high concentration as used in this study is toxic to RBC membrane (Raja et al 2016;Hamouda et al 2019). Anti-haemolytic activity of plant extract has been shown to be related to the constituent antioxidant agents such as polyphenolic compound (Ramchoun et al 2015;Karim et. 2020).…”

Assessment of the Pharmacological Properties and Phytochemical Profile of Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam Using In Vitro Studies, In Silico Docking, and Multivariate Analysis

“…It is interesting to highlight that the phenolic content was quantified in different amount from the same type of extract by different studies. For instance, a study conducted by Haq et al quantified 178.73 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g of phenolic content from the methanolic leaf sample [13], while Karim et al (2020) reported a phenolic content equivalent of 58.917 ± 0.601 mg gallic acid/g [25] and Banerjee et al (2008, reported a much lower quantity of 8.25 ± 0.31 mg GAE/g from the same extract (i.e., methanolic leaf) [12]. Herein, our results showed that the methanolic leaf sample yielded a lower amount (30.26±0.25 mg GAE/g) compared to the studies of Haq et al, (2011) and Karim et al, (2020) but higher than Banerjee et al, (2008).…”