2008
DOI: 10.3130/jaabe.7.411
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Evaluation of Basement′s Thermal Performance in Iraq for Summer Use

Abstract: The main environmental problem for people living in Iraq is the long hot dry summer. Basements were used in the past by the people to solve part of the problem. Recently older solutions have been bypassed in favor of air conditioning. The consequent electric loads are very high. In this paper the basement is evaluated thermally for summer use and tested for cooling loads. Climate factors were measured outside a building, inside it and in the basement. The measurements lasted from early spring to late autumn. T… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…Negative cyclical trends during Ramadan were prevalent in middle-eastern cities with highly vulnerable electrical power infrastructure. For example, cities across Lebanon and Iraq have uniform cyclical summer decreases in TLEU (average ΔCS = −15%) that are likely related to increases in demand for air-conditioning and appliance loads ( Figure 1f ) [Kharrufa, 2008;Dagher and Ruble, 2011]. In Syria, Iraq, and Palestinian cities, regional conflict also played a major role in changes in energy service supply and demand (Figures 10a,11,and 12).…”
Section: Patterns Of Energy Service Demand During Ramadanmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Negative cyclical trends during Ramadan were prevalent in middle-eastern cities with highly vulnerable electrical power infrastructure. For example, cities across Lebanon and Iraq have uniform cyclical summer decreases in TLEU (average ΔCS = −15%) that are likely related to increases in demand for air-conditioning and appliance loads ( Figure 1f ) [Kharrufa, 2008;Dagher and Ruble, 2011]. In Syria, Iraq, and Palestinian cities, regional conflict also played a major role in changes in energy service supply and demand (Figures 10a,11,and 12).…”
Section: Patterns Of Energy Service Demand During Ramadanmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On a case study performed in Iraq, the basement average temperature on a July summer day equated to 33.6 c compared to 38.1 c for that of above ground without cooling. This was especially true for daytime hours when the average inside ground floor temperature went above an unbearable 38 c [34].…”
Section: Using Underground Spacesmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Em relação aos modelos pertencentes ao GroundDomain, a variação de temperatura interna do ambiente subterrâneo chegou a ser 27% (6 ºC) mais elevada no verão e até 32% (5,2 ºC) menos elevada no inverno quando comparada aos resultados apresentados pelo Basement. Comparando-se os resultados desta pesquisa com os obtidos por Kharrufa (2008), ainda é possível verificar que a variação encontrada entre a temperatura externa do ar e a interna foi de 8 ºC para a edificação de Bagdá, enquanto para a edificação de São Paulo essa variação foi de 9,8 ºC para o modelo Basement e de 3,8-4 ºC para os modelos do GroundDomain. Esses dados fornecem indicações de que um comportamento semelhante para condições de construção parecidas com a adotada neste trabalho é obtido neste artigo.…”
Section: Conclusõesunclassified
“…A suposição de um solo arenoso quando a condição real é de um solo argiloso resultou em uma subestimação entre 50% e 80% das perdas de calor médias anuais de um ambiente subterrâneo da edificação analisada. Kharrufa (2008) realizou uma avaliação de desempenho térmico em uma edificação de Bagdá sem isolamento térmico e com ventilação natural para analisar o uso de ambientes subterrâneos no período de verão. O ambiente subterrâneo da edificação analisada é constituído por paredes de tijolo, piso de blocos de concreto e laje de concreto, com 2,5 m de profundidade abaixo do nível do solo e 1,0 m acima do solo.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified