Evaluation of Beta corolliflora for Resistance to Curly Top in Idaho

Abstract

Curly top of sugarbeet is caused by Beet severe curly top virus (BSCTV) or closely related curtovirus species which are vectored by the beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus). Beta corolliflora, shown in 1969 to impart a very high level of curly top resistance to sugarbeet into the BC 2 generation, is a wild relative of cultivated sugarbeet that has not been utilized in breeding programs. The nature of curly top resistance from B. corolliflora seems to be reduced symptoms and resistance to viral accumulation. Field screening of 14 B. corolliflora accessions for resistance to curly top followed by PCR detection of BSCTV did not identify any accessions with phenotypic symptoms of curly top and 9 accessions did not have detectable virus. Clip cage inoculations followed by PCR detection of BSCTV and of related species, Beet mild curly top and Beet curly top viruses, were difficult to interpret due to small sample size but indicated that accessions BETA 408, BETA 414, BETA 528, BETA 690, and BETA 805, from Genebank Gatersleben, Foundation Liebniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany had no visible curly top symptoms or evidence of virus accumulation. Results of a preference test showed that beet leafhoppers did not

Management of Severe Curly Top in Sugar Beet with Insecticides

“…However, resistance in sugar beet cultivars tends to be low to intermediate (31). Resistance to curly top in sugar beet is thought to be multigenic and, therefore, difficult to maintain in the parental lines used to create the commercial hybrids (12,18). When new traits are rapidly incorporated into sugar beet, such as the Rz1 gene for rhizomania resistance, it takes the seed companies many years to get curly top resistance back up to the same levels that were present prior to the change (6,31).…”

“…As mentioned previously, those prior resistance levels in commercial cultivars were often only marginally acceptable. Another drawback to relying on host resistance is the tendency for lower yield potential to occur while maintaining the curly top resistance (12). Thus, alternative control measures are needed to alleviate curly top losses.…”

Control of Curly Top in Sugar Beet with Seed and Foliar Insecticides

“…However, host resistance is quantitatively inherited and, therefore, difficult to maintain in parental lines used to produce the commercial hybrids (9,12). The cultivar used in this study is among the most resistant available in the United States.…”

“…Curly top almost eliminated sugar beet production in the western United States before resistant cultivars became available in the mid-1930s (3,4). Host resistance is still one of the primary means to manage curly top in sugar beet but this resistance is difficult to maintain in commercial cultivars because it is quantitatively inherited (9,12). When other desirable traits such as resistance to Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (causes rhizomania) and glyphosate were introduced into commercial cultivars, maintaining resistance to BCTV in the parental lines that were used to create the commercial hybrids proved to be problematic (24,28).…”

Identification of a sugar beet BvM14-MADS box gene through differential gene expression analysis of monosomic addition line M14

“…In the past years, B. corolliflora has been the focus of research because of its tolerance to drought, low temperature and salinity as well as resistance against viruses and fungi (Van Geyt et al, 1990;Gillen et al, 2008). In addition, B. corolliflora is known for its apomictic reproduction behavior (Barocka, 1966).…”