Evaluation of bioactive compounds-loaded chitosan films as a novel and potential diabetic wound dressing material

Methods of Incorporating Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds into Films Made with Agro-Based Polymers for Application as Food Packaging: A Brief Review

“…(b) directly mixing bioactive compounds with biopolymers during the film producing process [3,26,31,32,74,75,79];…”

“…• plants and their extracts as a source of phenolic compounds: of Plantago lanceolata, Arnica montana, Tagetes patula, Symphytum officinale, Calendula officinalis and Geum urbanum [79]; turmeric [32]; Acca sellowian [80]; Chinese chive root [27]; tea polyphenol [28]; rosemary [81]; yerba mate [82]; jujube leaf [83]; • essential oils from medicinal plants as a source of volatile and phenolics compounds and lipids: M. pulegium L., A. Herba alba Asso, O. basilicum L. and R. officinalis L. [3]; green coffee beans (Coffea arabica L. [31]); thyme essential oil [84]; Ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil [85]; orange essential oil [86]; cinnamon leaf essential oil [13]; black pepper essential oil and ginger essential oil [87]; rosemary essential oil [88]; Satureja Khuzestanica essential oil [89]; • fruit pulps, purees, juices and extracts as a source of phenolic compounds and vitamins: guabiroba [74]; blackberry [26], pomegranate [90]; açai [91]; papaya [92], blueberry [93]; mango; acerola; seriguela [94]; anthocyanins from jambolan fruit (Syzygium cumini) [95]; mulberry anthocyanin extract [96]; papaya puree [97]; mango and acerola pulps [98]; acerola [99]. • plants, fruits and vegetables residue flour or extract: sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), whereas the vegetables were zucchini (Cucurbita pepo), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), carrot (Daucus carota), spinach (Spinacea oleracea), mint (Menthas p.), yams (Colocasia esculenta), cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and arugula (Eruca sativa) [11]; pomelo peel flours [28], Acca sellowiana waste by-product (feijoa peel flour, [80]); roasted peanut skin extract [100]…”

“…Instead of using inherently bioactive products, bioactive films can also be developed by incorporating natural raw materials that are sources of bioactive compounds or isolated bioactive compounds into the biopolymer film-forming solution during preparation. Some studies incorporate the bioactive compounds into the biopolymer during solubilization [31,32], while others previously solubilize the biopolymer and then incorporate the bioactive compounds to produce the film-forming solution [3,9,74,75,79,117]. The different stages of the incorporation of bioactive compounds into film-forming solutions result from their solubilization characteristics, the amount of material to be added, their water content and instability in production conditions (pH, temperature, among others).…”

The Role of Antioxidants on Wound Healing: A Review of the Current Evidence

“…This compound exhibits several important properties, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability [21,22]. Chitosan acts as a hemostatic agent (through the binding to platelet surface), is antibacterial, and acts as a bioadhesive material (as nanofibers), which is a very promising alternative for wound dressings [23,24,25].…”

“…Two studies evaluated the effect of chitosan with plant extracts. In vitro and animal model studies Colobatiu L et al [23] developed a chitosan film formulation as a dressing material for diabetic wounds. This formulation was loaded with bioactive compounds (an extract mixture of Plantago lanceolata, Tagetes patula, Symphytum officinale, Calendula officinalis, and Geum urbanum).…”