Evaluation of biochars derived from food waste for synthesis gas production via pyrolysis and CO2 gasification

Abdallah, Monica; Simson, Amanda

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105883

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, the rate of C700 continuously increased with the conversion and reached a maximum at X = 0.9 before it decreased, which agrees with results reported in previous studies. 80,81 It should be noted that the maximum rate of C700 is higher than the maximum rates of B700 and R700. For the char produced from leached biomasses, the conversion rates measured from them show the same shape.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biomass char produced from pyrolysis processes is of great interest to be utilized as renewable solid fuels or materials. Forest byproducts and agricultural wastes are low-cost and sustainable biomass feedstocks. These biomasses generally contain high amounts of ash-forming elements, generally leading to high char reactivity. This study elaborates in detail how chemical and physical properties affect CO 2 gasification rates of high-ash biomass char, and it also targets the interactions between these properties. Char produced from pine bark, forest residue, and corncobs (particle size 4–30 mm) were included, and all contained different relative compositions of ash-forming elements. Acid leaching was applied to further investigate the influence of inorganic elements in these biomasses. The char properties relevant to the gasification rate were analyzed, that is, elemental composition, specific surface area, and carbon structure. Gasification rates were measured at an isothermal condition of 800 °C with 20% (vol.) of CO 2 in N 2 . The results showed that the inorganic content, particularly K, had a stronger effect on gasification reactivity than specific surface area and aromatic cluster size of the char. At the gasification condition utilized in this study, K could volatilize and mobilize through the char surface, resulting in high gasification reactivity. Meanwhile, the mobilization of Ca did not occur at the low temperature applied, thus resulting in its low catalytic effect. This implies that the dispersion of these inorganic elements through char particles is an important reason behind their catalytic activity. Upon leaching by diluted acetic acid, the K content of these biomasses substantially decreased, while most of the Ca remained in the biomasses. With a low K content in leached biomass char, char reactivity was determined by the active carbon surface area.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chemical composition diverges depending on the soil, the climate conditions and the inherent genealogy of the trees, having potentially more divergence than wood but similar to those of fibrous plants. In the case of pistachio shells, previous works have reported cellulose content to be 30–55%, hemicelluloses 20–32% and lignin 12–38% [ 5 , 8 , 23 , 24 ]. In the present work, cellulose was 57.54%, while hemicelluloses were 10.73%, and lignin content was 29.11%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Bleached and Unbleached Nanofibers from Pistachio Shells for Nanopaper Making

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cellulose and lignocellulose nanofibrils were extracted from pistachio shells utilizing environmentally friendly pulping and totally chlorine-free bleaching. The extracted nanofibers were used to elaborate nanopaper, a continuous film made by gravimetric entanglement of the nanofibers and hot-pressed to enhance intramolecular bonding. The elaborated nanopapers were analyzed through their mechanical, optical, and surface properties to evaluate the influence of non-cellulosic macromolecules on the final properties of the nanopaper. Results have shown that the presence of lignin augmented the viscoelastic properties of the nanopapers by ≈25% compared with fully bleached nanopaper; moreover, the hydrophobicity of the lignocellulose nanopaper was achieved, as the surface free energy was diminished from 62.65 to 32.45 mNm−1 with an almost non-polar component and a water contact angle of 93.52°. On the other hand, the presence of lignin had an apparent visual effect on the color of the nanopapers, with a ΔE of 51.33 and a ΔL of −44.91, meaning a substantial darkening of the film. However, in terms of ultraviolet transmittance, the presence of lignin resulted in a practically nonexistent transmission in the UV spectra, with low transmittance in the visible wavelengths. In general, the presence of lignin resulted in the enhancement of selected properties which are desirable for packaging materials, which makes pistachio shell nano-lignocellulose an attractive option for this field.

show abstract

“…The former represents thermal degradation reaction in the presents of neutral atmosphere commonly N2, while the latter utilizes Boudouard reaction shown earlier in Eq. ( 6) in an atmosphere of CO2 [86]. The main obstacle for CO2-gasification is the heavy dependence on temperature where reaction temperature of 700°C is barely adequate to activate the Boudouard reaction, unlike in steam-gasification, with less than satisfactory conversion yields [87].…”

Section: Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Steam Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production – A Review and Outlook

Khan

Al-attab

2022

ARFMTS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article summarizes various biomass gasification methods and explains their advantages and disadvantages. First, theoretical aspects of gasification and the variety in reactor designs are overviewed. Despite the eminent effect of reactor design on gas product quality, gasification agents remain the dominant factor that determines the gas composition. Steam gasification is a thermochemical process that promotes organic carbonaceous substances into carbon monoxide and hydrogen while reducing the presence of dilutants. However, several obstacles during gasification and downstream processing have to be overcome to achieve adequate maturity. Gasification characteristics of steam were compared to the other gasification agents, including air, oxygen and CO2. The key performance parameters affecting steam gasification include raw material properties, additive and catalytic materials. While the key operating parameters include operating temperature, residence time, superficial velocity, equivalence ratio and steam-to-biomass ratio. Finally, the techno-economic evaluation and challenges facing the commercialization of steam gasification were discussed.

show abstract

Evaluation of biochars derived from food waste for synthesis gas production via pyrolysis and CO2 gasification

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

Assessment of Bleached and Unbleached Nanofibers from Pistachio Shells for Nanopaper Making

Steam Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production – A Review and Outlook

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evaluation of biochars derived from food waste for synthesis gas production via pyrolysis and CO2 gasification

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

CO2 Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

CO2 Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

Assessment of Bleached and Unbleached Nanofibers from Pistachio Shells for Nanopaper Making

Steam Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen Production – A Review and Outlook

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass

CO₂ Gasification Reactivity of Char from High-Ash Biomass