Evaluation of Biocompatibility of New Osteoplastic Xenomaterials Containing Zoledronic Acid and Strontium Ranelate

Abstract

Improving the biological and functional characteristics of implantable products and materials used in traumatology and orthopedics is a topical issue. Purpose Evaluation of the biocompatibility of osteoplastic xenomaterials containing zoledronic acid and strontium ranelate. Material and methods The study was carried out on 24 male rabbits. Tested bone blocks were implanted into the cavity of femoral defects. Group 1 (n=8, control) were implanted with xenogenic bone material "Osteoplastic Matrix "Bio-Ost"". Group 2 (n=8) were implanted with bone xenogenic material impregnated with zoledronic acid. Group 3 (n=8) were implanted with xenogenic bone material impregnated with strontium ranelate. Biocompatibility was assessed using X-ray, pathomorphological, histological and laboratory methods. The follow-up period was 182 days. Results. On the 182nd day after implantation, the area of newly formed bone tissue in the defect in group 1 was 79% by median, in group 2 - 0%, in group 3 - 67%. In group 2, by this time, the maximum area was occupied by connective tissue - 77%. The relative area of fragments of the implanted material on the 182nd day in group 1 was 4% by median, in group 2 - 23%, in group 3 - 15%. In animals of all groups, no rejection of the material was noted. Signs of intoxication, inflammatory or immune reactions were not observed. There was no infection of the material. Laboratory parameters did not change significantly. In group 1, two animals had a slight migration of the implanted material under the skin, one developed arthritis of the knee joint. In all groups, one of the animals noted increase in the level of C-reactive protein on the background of leukocytosis. Conclusion Osteoplastic materials based on bovine xenomatrix saturated with zoledronic acid and strontium ranelate have acceptable biocompatibility values, including safety indicators.