2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.01.004
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Evaluation of biological and socio-economic factors related to persistence of African swine fever in Sardinia

Abstract: Despite the implementation of several eradication programmes, African swine fever (ASF), a viral disease in pigs caused by a DNA virus (ASFV), has been present in Sardinia (Italy) since 1978. Several studies have been carried out on the epidemiology of ASF in Sardinia, aimed at attaining a better understanding of the role of the risk factors related to ASFV persistence, but those studies did not address the social aspects involved. This work sought to bridge this gap, identifying the main social risk factors a… Show more

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Cited by 72 publications
(133 citation statements)
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“…A possible explanation for the difficulties associated with removing free‐ranging pigs, is that this is part of the cultural identity of their “owners”, and thus, they refuse to change their habits because this would mean losing their cultural identity (Cappai et al., ; Firinu et al., ; Mannelli et al., ). However, it has become clear to experts, regional authorities and local authorities that these unregistered pigs, living in groups of tens or hundreds, play a very important role in the virus reservoir and may act as a virus‐link between domestic pigs kept in backyards and wild boar populations, where ASF has been found consistently in the last 40 years (Cappai et al., ; Costard et al., ; EFSA, ; Jurado et al., ; Mur et al., ). Free‐ranging pigs share the same habitat as the wild boar, facilitating the spread of the ASF virus and hindering its control (Costard, Mur, Lubroth, Sánchez‐Vizcaíno, & Pfeiffer, ; FAO, ; Fasina et al., ; Iglesias, Rodríguez, Feliziani, Rolesu, & de la Torre, ; Jori et al., ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…A possible explanation for the difficulties associated with removing free‐ranging pigs, is that this is part of the cultural identity of their “owners”, and thus, they refuse to change their habits because this would mean losing their cultural identity (Cappai et al., ; Firinu et al., ; Mannelli et al., ). However, it has become clear to experts, regional authorities and local authorities that these unregistered pigs, living in groups of tens or hundreds, play a very important role in the virus reservoir and may act as a virus‐link between domestic pigs kept in backyards and wild boar populations, where ASF has been found consistently in the last 40 years (Cappai et al., ; Costard et al., ; EFSA, ; Jurado et al., ; Mur et al., ). Free‐ranging pigs share the same habitat as the wild boar, facilitating the spread of the ASF virus and hindering its control (Costard, Mur, Lubroth, Sánchez‐Vizcaíno, & Pfeiffer, ; FAO, ; Fasina et al., ; Iglesias, Rodríguez, Feliziani, Rolesu, & de la Torre, ; Jori et al., ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Cappai et al. () concluded that the presence of free‐ranging pigs caused a sevenfold increase in the risk of ASF outbreaks in each municipality. Finally, Jurado et al.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Further, compliance with the legal requirements laid down by veterinary authorities (VAs) is central to the success of control and eradication efforts, including ASF (Costard et al., ; Gogin et al., ; Sánchez‐Vizcaíno et al., ; Martínez‐López et al., ; Mur et al., ).With respect to ASF, a series of studies have highlighted the contribution of socioeconomic factors to the maintenance of ASF in Sardinia (Mur et al., ; Cappai et al., ; Loi et al., ). The risk of ASF maintenance was increased in municipalities with higher levels of human deprivation (defined as a lack of goods, services, amenities and physical environment), reduced educational levels and low employment (Cappai et al., ; Loi et al., ). These were generally depopulated areas, noting that illegal breeding in free‐range territories (which is recognised as one of the primary reasons for endemic persistence of ASF in this area (Mur et al., ) is mainly practiced in mountainous areas that are economically deprived with limited outside access (Cappai et al., ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The risk of ASF maintenance was increased in municipalities with higher levels of human deprivation (defined as a lack of goods, services, amenities and physical environment), reduced educational levels and low employment (Cappai et al., ; Loi et al., ). These were generally depopulated areas, noting that illegal breeding in free‐range territories (which is recognised as one of the primary reasons for endemic persistence of ASF in this area (Mur et al., ) is mainly practiced in mountainous areas that are economically deprived with limited outside access (Cappai et al., ). In these areas, biosecurity is often absent (Mur et al., ).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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