Evaluation of bioremediation methods for the treatment of soil contaminated with explosives in Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant, Minden, Louisiana

Clark, B.J.; Boopathy, Raj

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.034

Cited by 79 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The TNT in the soil was extracted by the method described by Clark & Boopathy (2007). TNT and its metabolites were monitored using HPLC equipped with two Model 210 solvent pumps, a Model 320 programmable multi-wavelength ultraviolet detector set at 254 nm, a Model 410 system autosampler (Varian, Walnut Creek, CA), and an LC-CN 4.6 mm-i.d × 25 cm HPLC column (C-18 Supleco column) with a particle size of 5-6 µm.…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Williams et al (1992) demonstrated the bioremediation of TNT-contaminated soil by composting. Clark & Boopathy (2007) showed the use of soil slurry reactor and land farming methods for explosive contamination clean up in soil under anoxic condition. Funk et al (1993) showed potential removal of TNT under anaerobic conditions, but the TNT degradation pathway involved was incomplete.…”

Section: Metabolic Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) under sulfate and nitrate reducing conditions

Boopathy

2014

Biologia

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Anaerobic degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) was studied under sulfate-and nitrate-reducing conditions using enrichment cultures developed from a TNT-contaminated soil from the Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant (LAAP) in Minden, Louisiana, USA. The soil samples were enriched using mineral salt media with either nitrate or sulfate as electron acceptors in the presence of TNT under strict anaerobic conditions. The enriched samples were experimented with TNT as either the sole source of carbon or nitrogen and also under co-metabolic conditions with molasses as co-substrate. The results revealed that TNT was removed under both electron acceptor conditions. However, the TNT degradation efficiency was significantly higher under sulfate-reducing conditions than the nitrate-reducing conditions. Under sulfatereducing conditions, TNT removal was faster when molasses was used as co-substrate. The metabolic analysis showed that TNT was mineralized and the major end product was acetic acid, CO2, and ammonia. A soil slurry reactor with TNT-contaminated soil showed more than 90% of TNT removal within 60 days of incubation.

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Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolic Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) under sulfate and nitrate reducing conditions

Boopathy

2014

Biologia

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“…In this respect, the aerobic landfarming appeared to be a viable and cost effective bioremediation treatment technology for soils contaminated with a-and c-HCH isomers on large scales. Clark and Boopathy (2007) equally concluded from their study that landfarming from bench-scale studies could be promisingly transferred to full-scale application. Lately, Sanscartier et al (2009) have investigated the bioremediation of weathered medium-to high-molecular weight petroleum hydrocarbons (HCs) in Polar regions.…”

Section: Landfarmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive overview of elements in bioremediation

Juwarkar

Singh

Mudhoo

2010

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

304

128

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Sustainable development requires the development and promotion of environmental management and a constant search for green technologies to treat a wide range of aquatic and terrestrial habitats contaminated by increasing anthropogenic activities. Bioremediation is an increasingly popular alternative to conventional methods for treating waste compounds and media with the possibility to degrade contaminants using natural microbial activity mediated by different consortia of microbial strains. Many studies about bioremediation have been reported and the scientific literature has revealed the progressive emergence of various bioremediation techniques. In this review, we discuss the various in situ and ex situ bioremediation techniques and elaborate on the anaerobic digestion technology, phytoremediation, hyperaccumulation, composting and biosorption for their effectiveness in the biotreatment, stabilization and eventually overall remediation of contaminated strata and environments. The review ends with a note on the recent advances genetic engineering and nanotechnology have had in improving bioremediation. Case studies have also been extensively revisited to support the discussions on biosorption of heavy metals, gene probes used in molecular diagnostics, bioremediation studies of contaminants in vadose soils, bioremediation of oil contaminated soils, bioremediation of contaminants from mining sites, air sparging, slurry phase bioremediation, phytoremediation studies for pollutants and heavy metal hyperaccumulators, and vermicomposting.

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“…Ammonium nitrate and chloride as nitrogen sources and molasses as a carbon source were found to be efficient amendments for TNT biodegradation (Yasin et al, 2008). Molasses have been reported as an efficient carbon source for the co-metabolism of explosives in many studies (Clark and Boopathy, 2007;Rodgers and Bunce, 2001;Gerth et al, 2003;Lamichhane et al, 2012). Crude plant extracts (e.g., spinach and parrotfeather) and cabbage leaf extract are effective amendments for the NACs biodegradation process (Medina et al, 2004, Muter et al, 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity assessment and biodegradation potential of water-soluble sludge containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

Nehrenheim

Muter

Odlare

et al. 2013

Water Science and Technology

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Toxicity assessment and biodegradation potential of water-soluble sludge containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluen.Water Science & Technology, 68(8) AbstractThe water soluble phase of TNT-containing sludge (SLP) was characterized with regard to TNT concentration, ecotoxicity, and a model biodegradation experiment as evaluation criteria for further development of appropriate treatment technologies. SLP contained 67.8 mg TNT/l. The results of germination and root-elongation tests indicated that SLP had a species-specific phytotoxic effect. The results of a 21 day degradation experiment demonstrated TNT conversion to 4-amino-2,6-DNT and 2-amino-4,6-DNT, with a simultaneous reduction in the total concentration of nitroaromatics. Indigenous microbial activity in the sludge solid phase noticeably increased the total TNT concentration, and was slightly lower than in samples containing only the water soluble phase. Measurement of microbial enzyme activity was used to assess changes in the microbial community during the biodegradation process.

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Evaluation of bioremediation methods for the treatment of soil contaminated with explosives in Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant, Minden, Louisiana

Cited by 79 publications

References 13 publications

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) under sulfate and nitrate reducing conditions

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) under sulfate and nitrate reducing conditions

A comprehensive overview of elements in bioremediation

Toxicity assessment and biodegradation potential of water-soluble sludge containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

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