EVALUATION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL: I. Compatibility of <i>Lotus corniculatus</i> L. with other legumes and grasses

Chevrette, J. E.; Folkins, L. P.; Gauthier, F. M.; Greenshields, J. E. R.

doi:10.4141/cjps60-036

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…1984). Both grass species in Experiment 2 were chosen for their slow initial growth and open growth habit; both are particularly amenable to hay management, and Phleum pratense has received much attention in the USA (Sheaffer et ai, 1984) and Canada (Chevrette et al, 1960) as a possible companion species to L. comiculatus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity of Lotus corniculatus L. (bird's‐foot trefoil) in the UK when grown under low‐input conditions as spaced plants, monoculture swards or mixed swards

Bullard¹,

Crawford²

1995

Grass and Forage Science

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The dry-matter productivity of the forage legume Lotus comiculatus (bird's-foot trefoil) was assessed under low-input conditions at three sites in the north of England. An initial study in 1989 and 1990 compared fourteen accessions of L corniculatus with Trifolium repens and 7". pratense grown as spaced plants at two sites with contrasting soil conditions. One site represented good agricultural land, the other poor-quality, marginal land. Yields of all species and accessions were significantly lower on the marginal site. Seasonal yields (averaged over sites) of L comicutatus cultivars averaged 52gplant" ' and 170gplant"' in 1989 and 1990 respectively. General trends over both seasons were that T. repens and T. pratense yields were high but some L comiculatus cultivars (Empire, Franco, Leo) and naturalized UK 'aliens' were similar to at least one Trifolium in each year. Yields from L. corniculatus ecotypes from the UK and Norway were very low in comparison with the cultivars. A largerscale study of eighteen L comiculatus, two L uliginosus, three T. repens and two T. pratense accessions was undertaken on an upland, calcareous site in 1990. Legumes were assessed in 2 m X 2 m swards as either monoculture or grass/legume mixture. Establishment and productivity of L uliginosus and 7". pratense accessions were poor, with seasonal yields no greater that 50gm~^year~'. When grown as a monoculture, L comiculatus yields were superior to both Trifolium spp., and averaged 1080 gm~^. In mixed swards, L. comiculatus constituted a higher proportion of the total dry Correspondence; Dr M. J. Bullaid ADAS, Arthur Rickwood, Mepal. Ely. Cambs, CB6 2BA, UK.matter yield (26% and 62% at first and second cuts, respectively) than the other legume species. It is concluded from these studies that L comiculatus is suited to marginal or free-draining calcareous soils under low-input conditions, and consequently has more potential for use in the UK than has previously been reported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity of Lotus corniculatus L. (bird's‐foot trefoil) in the UK when grown under low‐input conditions as spaced plants, monoculture swards or mixed swards

Bullard¹,

Crawford²

1995

Grass and Forage Science

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“…We chose birdsfoot trefoil because it has unique, desirable characteristics, such as not causing ruminant bloat, compared with other forage legumes such as red clover, alfalfa, and white clover (Sheaffer et al, 2003) and because it is not very competitive in mixtures with grasses compared with other forage legumes (Chevrette et al, 1960). Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to test this hypothesis by selecting birdsfoot trefoil from space-plant evaluation nurseries in monoculture and in mixture with orchardgrass (Dactylis glomarata L.) and evaluating the resulting populations in a grass sward.…”

Section: Vigor and Persistence Of Birdsfoot Trefoil Populations Selecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vigor and Persistence of Birdsfoot Trefoil Populations Selected with or without an Orchardgrass Companion Evaluated in Grass Sod

Riday

Brummer

2014

Crop Science

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RESEARCHI n the United States approximately 37% of nonfederal land in the lower 48 states is either rangeland, pasture, or in the Conservation Reserve Program ( Barnes and Nelson, 2003), although more recent changes in commodity prices likely have caused this number to decline (Wright and Wimberly, 2013). Forage legumes are very often a part of these grasslands and pastures. Forage legume breeders therefore often consider the merits of incorporating grass competition in their variety development programs. Breeding plants specifically adapted to competitiveness in mixture is not unique to forage breeding for pasture use but has been broadly considered for intercropping systems as well (Brummer, 2008). Two pertinent examples include breeding for increased bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) yield in intercropped mixtures (Zimmermann, 1997) and breeding white clover (Trifolium repens L.) for increased competitiveness in mixture with grass (Annicchiarico, 2003). Breeding methodology and theory to assist in this endeavor have been proposed and reviewed (Hamblin et al., 1976;Hill et al., 1998;Brummer, 2008).Particularly germane to forage legume breeding is the case of breeding white clover specifically for competitive ability in mixtures with grass. This is likely because of white clover's almost exclusive use in mixtures with grass. White clover-grass mixture ABSTRACT Forage legumes are often grown in mixtures with grass for grazing or harvested for hay or silage. Forage legume breeders often debate the necessity of incorporating grass competition into the breeding process, particularly when bred varieties will be used in mixture with grass. To address this debate, a two by two by two factorial of eight birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) populations were developed from selections of plants made at two nursery sites (Boone, IA, and Prairie du Sac, WI), out of two base cultivars (Norcen and WITT), and under two nursery treatments [orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) overseeded and no-grass overseeded]. Spaceplants of the eight birdsfoot trefoil populations were transplanted directly into grass sod and evaluated for 4 yr for visual vigor (a proxy for biomass yield) and plant persistence. Persistence over time was measured using a linear model describing the decline in stand percentage per month. Overall, the four birdsfoot trefoil populations bred with a grass companion persisted better when transplanted into grass sod (slope -1.12% persistence mo -1 ) compared with the four birdsfoot trefoil population bred without a grass companion (slope -1.43% persistence mo -1 ). On average, only the WITT-derived populations selected with a grass companion had superior visual vigor ratings when transplanted into sod compared with the WITT-derived populations selected without a grass companion. This study provides evidence that selecting birdsfoot trefoil with an orchardgrass companion leads to more persistent birdsfoot trefoil varieties for use in grass mixtures compared with birdsfoot trefoil bred without a...

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“…In North America, meadow fescue is chiefly associated with intensive grazing systems (Casler et al 1998). In Quebec, dry matter (DM) yields of associations of meadow fescue and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) with birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were significantly lower than the DM yields of five other grass species (Chevrette et al 1960). In Newfoundland, however, meadow fescue and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) constituted the most productive mixture, with excellent persistence (McKenzie et al 2005).…”

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Comparison of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass in monoculture and in association with white clover

Drapeau¹,

Bélanger²

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Drapeau, R. and Be´langer, G. 2009. Comparison of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass in monoculture and in association with white clover. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 1059Á1063. Meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass alone or with white clover were compared in a four-cut system in a region with less than 1400 growing degree-days. Cultivars of the two grass species did not affect yield. The annual yields of two grass species, alone or with white clover, were similar in the first production year, but in second and third production years, meadow bromegrass yielded more than meadow fescue. The persistence of white clover, alone or with a grass, was limited.Key words: Festuca pratensis, Bromus riparius, Trifolium repens, yield Drapeau, R. et Be´langer, G. 2009. Comparaison de la fe´tuque des pre´s et du brome des pre´s en monoculture et en association avec le tre`fle blanc. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 1059Á1063. La fe´tuque des pre´s et le brome des pre´s seules ou avec le tre`fle blanc ont e´te´compare´s sous un re´gime de quatre coupes dans une re´gion avec moins de 1400 degre´s-jours de croissance. Les cultivars des deux espe`ces de gramine´es, seules ou avec le tre`fle blanc, n'ont pas affecte´le rendement. Le rendement annuel des deux espe`ces de gramine´es seules ou avec le tre`fle blanc e´tait similaire en premie`re anne´e de production mais le rendement du brome des pre´s, au cours des deuxie`me et troisie`me anne´es de production, e´tait plus e´leve´que celui de la fe´tuque des pre´s. La persistance du tre`fle blanc, seul ou avec une gramine´e, a e´te´limite´e. Mots clé s: Festuca pratensis, Bromus riparius, Trifolium repens, rendementMeadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is a forage grass that is widely adapted to the lowlands of central and northern Europe. In North America, meadow fescue is chiefly associated with intensive grazing systems (Casler et al. 1998). In Quebec, dry matter (DM) yields of associations of meadow fescue and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) with birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were significantly lower than the DM yields of five other grass species (Chevrette et al. 1960). In Newfoundland, however, meadow fescue and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) constituted the most productive mixture, with excellent persistence (McKenzie et al. 2005). Meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.) was recently introduced into Canada (Knowles et al. 1993) and is well adapted to western Canada (Pearen and Baron 1996). Meadow bromegrass regrowth has proven to be superior to that of other grasses, making this a valuable species in a rotational grazing system (McCaughey and Simons 1996;Pearen and Baron 1996).There is little information in eastern Canada on the behaviour of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass, alone or in association with white clover, especially for regions with few growing degree-days such as midnorth-eastern Canada. The objective of the present study was to compare meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass, seeded in monoculture and ...

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EVALUATION OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL: I. Compatibility of Lotus corniculatus L. with other legumes and grasses

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Productivity of Lotus corniculatus L. (bird's‐foot trefoil) in the UK when grown under low‐input conditions as spaced plants, monoculture swards or mixed swards

Productivity of Lotus corniculatus L. (bird's‐foot trefoil) in the UK when grown under low‐input conditions as spaced plants, monoculture swards or mixed swards

Vigor and Persistence of Birdsfoot Trefoil Populations Selected with or without an Orchardgrass Companion Evaluated in Grass Sod

Comparison of meadow fescue and meadow bromegrass in monoculture and in association with white clover

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