Evaluation of bisphenol A, physicochemical properties and microbial characterization of borehole water stored in plastic containers

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the bisphenol A (BPA), physicochemical properties and microbial characterization of borehole water stored in plastic containers. Three brands of plastic containers filled with borehole water were collected from homes in Ugbowo, Benin city. Physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods. Total bacterial and coliform counts were determined using the pour plate technique. Conductivity, TDS, Chloride, Sulphate and Nitrate were within the recommended standards while turbidity and total iron were above recommended standards. The isolates identified include: Klebsiella sp, Bacillus sp, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus flavus, Saccharomyces sp and Aspergillus niger. The total bacterial count in the water samples ranged from 1.4×10 3 cfu/ml to1.8×10 3 cfu/ml at week four while fungal counts was 1.3×10 2 cfu/ml to 1.6×10 2 cfu/ml. Bisphenol A (BPA) was discovered to leach at detectable levels from the plastic containers as storage increased. The result of the Bisphenol A analysis revealed that BPA congeners ranged from 0.023mg/l within days of collection to 0.251ml/l at the fourth week of storage. This study has shown that storage of borehole water in plastic containers for prolonged period affects the bacteriological and chemical properties of the water; hence storage of borehole water in plastic for prolonged periods should be discouraged and discontinued. ©JASEM http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v20i4.28

Review of Drinking Water Quality in Nigeria: Towards Attaining the Sustainable Development Goal Six

“…Interestingly, 100% and 29% of the samples contained total bacterial and coliform respectively. Similarly, the microbial, heavy metal and estrogenic burden of borehole water in Nigeria are also high and of great concern (Adeghe and Emejulu, 2016;Samuel et al, 2019) post SDG implementation. Samuel et al (2019) reported pathogenic bacteria and coliform (including Salmonella Typhi) from borehole samples from Anambra State.…”

Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil (CMSO) ameliorates adipokines dysfunction and dyslipidemia in male Wistar rats exposed to Bisphenol-A

“…Ingestion, inhalation, or dermal contact have been identified as the major routes of human exposure to BPA (Talpade et al ., 2018). It has been widely reported that increased temperature, elongated storage time, repeated usage, and acidic or basic food or beverages in cans and polycarbonate plastics can facilitate the leaching of the BPA into the contents (vom Saal and Hughes, 2005; Šutiaková, 2012; Adeghe and Emejulu, 2016). The leached BPA ultimately hydrolyze in the food and liquids making the dietary consumption the main source of human exposure (Šutiaková, 2012; Adeghe and Emejulu, 2016).…”

“…It has been widely reported that increased temperature, elongated storage time, repeated usage, and acidic or basic food or beverages in cans and polycarbonate plastics can facilitate the leaching of the BPA into the contents (vom Saal and Hughes, 2005; Šutiaková, 2012; Adeghe and Emejulu, 2016). The leached BPA ultimately hydrolyze in the food and liquids making the dietary consumption the main source of human exposure (Šutiaková, 2012; Adeghe and Emejulu, 2016). Similarly, environmental pollution inter alia may lead to exacerbated exposure of BPA (Stragierowicz, 2015).…”

“…Common names for this plant include 'Egusi-it in Igbo, 'Egusi' in Yoruba, and 'Agushi' in Hausa (Adeghe et.al 2016). In English, it is known as Mann's cucumeropsis and white-seed melon (Adeghe et al, 2016) Studies have indicated that the C. mannii seed oil could be potential good edible oils for reducing cardiovascular illnesses (Amin et.al., 2018). It has also been reported that the C. mannii seed oil possesses inhibitory abilities on phosphodiesterase-5 and arginase and thus suggesting their erectogenic potentials (Almeida et al, 2018).…”

Impact of Bisphenol A on the Physicochemical and Bacteriological Characteristics of Water in Storage Tanks from various Locations in Salem University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria

“…In order to improve the bacteriological quality of water consumed by members of rural households, it is essential to address the quality of stored drinking water and the conditions under which the water supplies are stored. Storing of water in tanks for days or weeks increases bacteria load and leaching of Bisphenol A and as such reduces the quality of water (Jagals et al, 1999: Adeghe andEmejulu, 2016). According to (Eniola et al, 2007), storage generally reduces the numbers of bacteria which is in contrast to (WHO, 2005) which identified water as a major components for bacteria growth.…”