Evaluation of blood and tooth element status in asthma cases: a preliminary case–control study

Abstract

Background Asthma is a common respiratory disorder; some data were present on the correlation between increased levels of trace elements and the risk of asthma development. It was aimed to evaluate the levels of 13 selected blood and tooth elements (magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, chromium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, strontium, molybdenum, cadmium, lead, mercury) in a well-controlled asthma group and the control group. Methods During the study period, 17 asthma patients and 26 age and gender-matched healthy children donated shed deciduous teeth having neither decay nor filling and enrolled for the study. The element levels in blood and teeth matrixes were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Differences in blood and tooth elements in groups were evaluated with generalized linear models after adjusting confounding factors. Results After adjusting the child’s “z scores of body mass index for age”, history of iron deficiency anemia, and status of parental smoking, the generalized linear model revealed significantly lower tooth magnesium levels, lower blood zinc levels, and lower blood zinc/copper ratio in the asthma group than the control group (p = 0.042, p = 0.034, p = 0.002, respectively). Other studied elements for tooth and blood matrixes were similar in groups. Conclusion Our study revealed some differences in tooth and blood element levels in the asthma group. Further studies on zinc and magnesium levels of severe asthma cases are necessary for the interpretation of the results.

A case-control study on asthma and obese patients: Influence of lifestyle patterns, serum trace elements, heavy metals, and total antioxidants

“…Endogenous reactive oxygen species [ROS], as well as free radicals, which are important in the development of asthma, were created by inflammatory cells an harm tissues. [ 3 ], The lung's antioxidant defence systems against block these harmful oxidants [ 27 ]. The most important antioxidant systems are the superoxide dismutase (SOD) which contains zinc and copper in their structures, and hence zinc is essential for the optimal functions of immune system [ 28 ].…”

“…As reported by Ge Yang et al, 2019, high blood cadmium levels were substantially linked to asthma patients [ 76 ]. According to research by S. Songül et al, non-smokers' lung function may be adversely affected by exposure to greater concentrations of heavy metals, especially cadmium [ 77 ]. In our study, serum concertation of Cd was statistically significant higher in asthma patient males, asthmatic obese patient males and obese patient males when compared to controls males and in Pearson corelation analysis, Cd is negatively corelated with TAS in asthma patient males and in asthmatic obese females showed Cd is negatively corelated with systolic blood pressure.…”

“…Due to the frequent usage of chromium (Cr) in several industrial sectors, workers might be regarded as the population that is most at risk for acquiring asthma since Cr is a naturally existing metallic component in industrial processes [ 68 ]. Individuals who smoke actively or passively may be exposed to chromium because it is a significant toxin found in tobacco smoke S. Songül et al, [ 77 ]. Mar et al, 2022 reported a exposure to chromium salts is a poorly characterized cause of occupational asthma [ 79 ].…”

Copper/Zinc Ratio in Childhood and Adolescence: A Review

“…Catherine et al observed a positive relationship between serum Cu and abdominal obesity. Furthermore, the risk of elevated TGs was decreased with ascending tertiles of Cu [ 62 ]. However, there were no associations between serum Cu and TG levels among children and adolescents in the NHANES 2011–2014 study [ 6 ].…”

Association Between Circulating Zinc and Risk for Childhood Asthma and Wheezing: A Meta-analysis on 21 Articles and 2205 Children

“…However, there is no consensus on the association between zinc and asthma incidence. Some studies supported the contributory role of zinc in asthma prevention [ 10 – 19 ], whereas others failed to support this claim [ 20 – 26 ]. The association between zinc and asthma hence remains an open question.…”