Evaluation of Bluestar<sup>®</sup> Forensic Magnum and Other Traditional Blood Detection Methods on Bloodstained Wood Subjected to a Variety of Burn Conditions,

Vineyard, Autumn R.; Hazelrigg, Eric J.; Ehrhardt, Christopher J.; Connon, Catherine Cupples

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13946

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Burnt blood stains could not be identified by phenolphthalein test in the current study due to complete charring of the stain. This is in accordance with the results of Vineyard et al (32). This could be explained as high temperature causes oxidation of Fe + 2 to Fe + 3 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

Hady¹,

Thabet²,

Ebrahem³

et al. 2021

Academic Forensic Pathology

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Forensic investigations using DNA analysis have been grown rapidly. Samples retrieved from crime scene may be exposed to different conditions before proceeding. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different grades of temperature and burn on DNA extraction and typing. Methods: Seven mL of blood and four mL of semen were collected from each volunteer. Effects of temperature grades (100 °C, 50 °C, 37 °C, 4 °C, −20 °C, and burn) on blood and seminal stain were tested. Results: Bloodstains exposed to temperature grades 100 °C, 50 °C, 37 °C, 4 °C, and −20 °C can be identified using preliminary test while burnt blood stain cannot. Seminal stains exposed to temperature grades 37 °C, 4 °C, and −20 °C can be identified by Florence test while those exposed to 100 °C, 50 °C, and burn cannot. Blood and seminal stains exposed to temperature grades 100 °C, 50 °C, and burn show marked reduction in DNA concentration while maximum DNA conc could be recovered from stains exposed to temperature grade temperature. Both blood and seminal DNA was affected only in case of burn without significant difference between THO1 and Amelogenin primers. Conclusion: High environmental temperature affect the quantity of extracted DNA from different stains but less effect on the quality of extracted DNA. Burn affects both preliminary test, DNA quantity, and quality in stains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

Hady¹,

Thabet²,

Ebrahem³

et al. 2021

Academic Forensic Pathology

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“…In an experiment carried out by Vineyard A et al, 38 different blood detection reagents were used to identify blood samples subject to different variables associated with arson scenes. 38 Wood blocks were used with different blood dilutions applied, different extinguishment methods were carried out including smothering and covering with water. Unleaded gasoline was added to half the samples to see how accelerant would impact detection methods.…”

Section: Dna Recovery Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive blood results from porous combustible surface is more likely to be successful using Luminol or Bluestar. Vineyard A et al, 38 concluded that even though the porous surface was exposed to the fire for only one-minute, presumptive tests are not sensitive enough to detect DNA samples on charred items. Most laboratories require a positive DNA test before considering the sample for DNA profiling, which may need to be reconsidered in arson scenes where too many variables render presumptive tests inadequate.…”

Section: Dna Recovery Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most laboratories require a positive DNA test before considering the sample for DNA profiling, which may need to be reconsidered in arson scenes where too many variables render presumptive tests inadequate. 38 In March 2005, a smouldering fire was reported in a basement in Bournemouth. 39 The fire investigators located the origin of the fire to be the base of a bed, on which the victim was lying.…”

Section: Dna Recovery Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA and fingerprint recovery from an arson scene

O'Hagan¹,

Calder²

2020

FRCIJ

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The different methods of both DNA and fingerprint recovery from arson scenes are analysed within this literature. Arson is often used as a mode of concealment due to the wide misconception that fire destroys fundamental evidence. Advances in recent research and technologies have meant that techniques have been developed to further aid and enhance the recovery of evidence that has been exposed to the extreme conditions of a fire. In the forefront of all fire investigations where evidence recovery is paramount, the stages of the fire should be taken into consideration and pre-eminent soot removal techniques carried out in order to expose and visualise any evidence present. Although evaluation of current literature demonstrates that exceptional results from both fingerprints and DNA exposed to fire can be obtained, through different enhancement techniques, further research and developments are required in order to ensure these essential developments are standardised and mandatory to all arson scenes.

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“…Chemical reagents [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and infrared photography [10][11][12][13] are both commonly used for visualization enhancement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the methods of visualizing bloodstains after thermal exposure

Di,

Yan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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To establish the correlation between thermal conditions imposed on bloodstains and visualizing effect of enhancement techniques, infrared photography and four chemical enhancement reagents were used to visualize bloodstains following thermal exposure. A black tile was selected as the substrate to intensify the visualization challenge, with a Cone Calorimeter serving as the standardized heating source to control thermal conditions. Compared with standard photography, infrared photography is proven to be a valuable complement to chemical reagents, showing significant advantages in visualizing bloodstains after thermal exposure. However, it is worth noting that infrared image fell short of standard image when bloodstains displayed raised, embossed morphology or when bloodstains almost disappeared under specific conditions. The enhancement effectiveness was found to be strongly correlated with thermal conditions imposed on bloodstains, and the morphology evolution of bloodstains during heating affected the chemical enhancement effect additionally, especially when the bulge morphology was formed, and it was observed that reagents were more effective after removing the dense shell of the bulge. Among the four selected chemical enhancement reagents, fluorescein performed exceptionally well, maintaining its effectiveness even for bloodstains heated at 641°C for 10 min. TMB demonstrated its visualizing ability for bloodstains heated at 396°C for 5 min and heated at 310°C for 20 min. BLUESTAR® followed afterwards, while luminol performed worst. The correlation between thermal conditions imposed on bloodstains and the corresponding visualizing effectiveness of enhancement techniques provides important references for detecting bloodstains at fire scenes.

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Evaluation of Bluestar^® Forensic Magnum and Other Traditional Blood Detection Methods on Bloodstained Wood Subjected to a Variety of Burn Conditions,

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

DNA and fingerprint recovery from an arson scene

Study on the methods of visualizing bloodstains after thermal exposure

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Evaluation of Bluestar® Forensic Magnum and Other Traditional Blood Detection Methods on Bloodstained Wood Subjected to a Variety of Burn Conditions,

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

Thermal Effects on DNA Degradation in Blood and Seminal Stains: Forensic View

DNA and fingerprint recovery from an arson scene

Study on the methods of visualizing bloodstains after thermal exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evaluation of Bluestar^® Forensic Magnum and Other Traditional Blood Detection Methods on Bloodstained Wood Subjected to a Variety of Burn Conditions,