Evaluation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for drought tolerance using morpho-physiological traits under drought-stressed and well-watered conditions

Sewore, Birhanu Mecha; Abe, Ayodeji; Nigussie, M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283347

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Yield, the paramount economic characteristic of wheat, and its grain production serve as the primary criteria for drought tolerance. In this study, a significant reduction was observed in yield attributes due to water stress in both wheat cultivars, with Sakha 95 experiencing a lesser decrease, matching with other studies [ 119 , 120 ]. The decrease in wheat yield due to water stress can be linked to drought’s inhibitory impact on plant growth, stemming from the suppression of various metabolic processes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Mitigating drought stress in wheat plants (Triticum Aestivum L.) through grain priming in aqueous extract of spirulina platensis

Elnajar,

Aldesuquy,

Abdelmoteleb

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background The study focuses on the global challenge of drought stress, which significantly impedes wheat production, a cornerstone of global food security. Drought stress disrupts cellular and physiological processes in wheat, leading to substantial yield losses, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The research investigates the use of Spirulina platensis aqueous extract (SPAE) as a biostimulant to enhance the drought resistance of two Egyptian wheat cultivars, Sakha 95 (drought-tolerant) and Shandawel 1 (drought-sensitive). Each cultivar’s grains were divided into four treatments: Cont, DS, SPAE-Cont, and SPAE + DS. Cont and DS grains were presoaked in distilled water for 18 h while SPAE-Cont and SPAE + DS were presoaked in 10% SPAE, and then all treatments were cultivated for 96 days in a semi-field experiment. During the heading stage (45 days: 66 days), two drought treatments, DS and SPAE + DS, were not irrigated. In contrast, the Cont and SPAE-Cont treatments were irrigated during the entire experiment period. At the end of the heading stage, agronomy, pigment fractions, gas exchange, and carbohydrate content parameters of the flag leaf were assessed. Also, at the harvest stage, yield attributes and biochemical aspects of yielded grains (total carbohydrates and proteins) were evaluated. Results The study demonstrated that SPAE treatments significantly enhanced the growth vigor, photosynthetic rate, and yield components of both wheat cultivars under standard and drought conditions. Specifically, SPAE treatments increased photosynthetic rate by up to 53.4%, number of spikes by 76.5%, and economic yield by 190% for the control and 153% for the drought-stressed cultivars pre-soaked in SPAE. Leaf agronomy, pigment fractions, gas exchange parameters, and carbohydrate content were positively influenced by SPAE treatments, suggesting their effectiveness in mitigating drought adverse effects, and improving wheat crop performance. Conclusion The application of S. platensis aqueous extract appears to ameliorate the adverse effects of drought stress on wheat, enhancing the growth vigor, metabolism, and productivity of the cultivars studied. This indicates the potential of SPAE as an eco-friendly biostimulant for improving crop resilience, nutrition, and yield under various environmental challenges, thus contributing to global food security.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Mitigating drought stress in wheat plants (Triticum Aestivum L.) through grain priming in aqueous extract of spirulina platensis

Elnajar,

Aldesuquy,

Abdelmoteleb

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Under drought stress, wheat plants notably change their aboveground traits (Figure 2), encompassing plant height, coleoptile length, leaf size, shape and perimeter, leaf surface morphology and waxiness, and various anatomical adjustments [80][81][82][83]. These variations are contingent upon the drought susceptibility of the genotypes, the duration and severity of drought events, as well as the growth stage of the plants [18,73,84,85].…”

Section: Aboveground Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utilizing these simple belowground and aboveground traits as selection criteria for drought tolerance holds promise for supporting breeding efforts aimed at developing drought-resistant wheat genotypes [56,[81][82][83]90]. By focusing on these traits, breeders can effectively identify and select genotypes that are more likely to withstand water scarcity; however, to achieve optimal results, it is important to conduct comprehensive research that considers not only the individual traits but also their interactions with one another.…”

Section: Aboveground Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Genotype-Dependent Toolbox of Wheat under Drought Stress

Vassileva,

Georgieva,

Zehirov

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Drought stress imposes substantial constraints on the growth and production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a globally important cereal crop essential for food security. To mitigate these adverse effects, researchers are intensifying their efforts to comprehend how different genotypes respond to drought stress, aiding in the development of sustainable breeding and management strategies. This review summarizes past and recent research on genotype-dependent responses of wheat plants to drought stress, encompassing morphological, physiological, biochemical, molecular, genetic, and epigenetic reactions. Screening drought-affected features at early developmental stages can provide valuable insights into the late growth stages that are closely linked to plant productivity. This review underscores the importance of identifying traits associated with drought resistance, and the potential of leveraging wheat diversity to select cultivars with desirable agronomic characteristics. It also highlights recent advancements in investigating Bulgarian wheat genotypes with varying levels of drought tolerance, specifically in detecting essential features contributing to drought tolerance. Cultivating drought-resistant wheat genotypes and understanding stress stability determinants could markedly contribute to enhancing wheat production and ensuring stable yields under changing climate conditions.

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“…There is also a reduction in leaf area, which is associated with reduced assimilate availability [34,35]. In wheat, Sewore et al [36] found that there was significant leaf rolling in response to water deficit. A similar phenomenon has been observed in maize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Short-Term Water Deficit on Some Physiological Properties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with Different Spike Morphotypes

Hnilicka,

Lysytskyi,

Rygl

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Water deficit is one of the most important stress factors affecting yield and production quality. Breeders are focusing on breeding wheat cultivars and crop lines that are more resistant to water deficit, so there is a possibility that plants with changes in their ear morphologies, such as long chaff and multi-rowed varieties, will be more resistant to water deficit. Therefore, our research focused on the study of changes in the physiological parameters of wheat cultivar ‘Bohemia’ (normal cob) with an altered morphotype (genotypes ‘284-17’ (long chaff) and genotype ‘29-17’ (multirow cob)), in relation to the duration of the water deficit. The experiment was set up as a container experiment under partially controlled greenhouse conditions. The experimental design included four treatments. The control (C) variant was irrigated regularly. The other treatments were stressed by water deficit, which was induced through the method of gradually drying the substrate: treatment D1 involved 10 days without irrigation, 4 days of watering, 10 days with a re-induced water deficit and 4 days of watering; treatment D2 involved 10 days of watering, and then stress was induced via water deficit until the end of the experiment; treatment D3 involved 10 days of stress and then irrigation until the end of the experiment. The pigment content, gas exchange rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and water potential were monitored in the juvenile wheat plants. The obtained results showed that the contents of photosynthetically active pigments (chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids) were influenced by the gene type. The chlorophyll and carotenoid content were higher in genotype ‘29-17’ (0.080 and 1.925 nM cm−2, respectively) and lowest in cultivar ‘Bohemia’ (0.080 and 0.080 nM cm−2, respectively). The chlorophyll content decreased due to water deficit most significantly in the D2 variant (0.071 nM cm−2), compared to the control (0.138 nM cm−2). The carotenoid content significantly decreased due to water deficiency in the cultivar ‘Bohemia’, D2 (0.061 nM cm−2) and the genotype ‘284-17’ (0.075 nM cm−2) and non-significantly decreased in ‘29-17’ (1.785 nM cm−2). In the control plants, the carotenoid content decreased in the following order: genotype ‘29-17’ (1.853 nM cm−2) > genotype ‘284-17’ (0.088 nM cm−2) > cv. ‘Bohemia’ (0.087 nM cm−2). Wheat plants had a decreased photosynthetic rate due to the closure of stomata and reduction in substomatal CO2 levels, which were caused by water deficit. The above effect was observed in genotype ‘29-17’ and cultivar ‘Bohemia’. The transpiration rate increased by 0.099 mM m−2 s−1 (5.69%) in the variety ‘Bohemia’, due to water deficit. On the other hand, the transpiration rate of genotype ‘29-17’ and genotype ‘284-17’ decreased by 0.261 mM m−2 s−1 (88.19%) and 0.325 mM m−2 s−1 (81.67%), respectively, compared to the control. Among the genotypes studied, genotype ‘29-17’ showed higher photosynthesis and transpiration rates, compared to genotype ‘284-17’ and the variety ‘Bohemia’. The effect of genotype and water deficit on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was also shown. In all genotypes studied, there was a significant decrease in water potential due to water deficit, most significantly in the Bohemia variety, then in the genotype ‘284-17’, and the least significant decrease in water potential was seen in the genotype ‘29-17’. Genotype ‘29-17’ appears promising with respect to drought tolerance and photosynthetic rate, despite increased transpiration and reduced water potential; it also appears promising for better water management, with respect to reduced water potential in aboveground organs. On the other hand, the variety Bohemia appears to be less suitable for dry areas, since, despite its relative plasticity, it shows not only high water potential values in the water deficit region but also the most significant decrease in water potential.

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Evaluation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for drought tolerance using morpho-physiological traits under drought-stressed and well-watered conditions

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Mitigating drought stress in wheat plants (Triticum Aestivum L.) through grain priming in aqueous extract of spirulina platensis

Mitigating drought stress in wheat plants (Triticum Aestivum L.) through grain priming in aqueous extract of spirulina platensis

Exploring the Genotype-Dependent Toolbox of Wheat under Drought Stress

Effect of Short-Term Water Deficit on Some Physiological Properties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with Different Spike Morphotypes

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