Evaluation of Bt Corn with Pyramided Genes on Efficacy and Insect Resistance Management for the Asian Corn Borer in China

Jiang, Fan; Zhang, Tiantao; Bai, Shuxiong; Wang, Zhenying; He, Kanglai

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168442

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The genus Ostrinia (Hübner) belongs to the subfamily Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) [1][2][3] and includes several well-known agricultural pests (e.g., O. furnacalis and O. nubilalis) that cause huge losses of crops around the world [4][5][6]. Globally, Tichogramma spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Zhou

Dong

Qiao

et al. 2020

Insects

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To understand mitogenome characteristics and reveal phylogenetic relationships of the genus Ostrinia, including several notorious pests of great importance for crops, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of four species: Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée, 1854), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner, 1796), Ostrinia scapulalis (Walker, 1859) and Ostrinia zealis (Guenée, 1854). Results indicate that the four mitogenomes-O. furnacalis, O. nubilalis, O. scapulalis, and O. zealis-are 15,245, 15,248, 15,311, and 15,208 bp in size, respectively. All four mitogenomes are comprised of 37 encoded genes and a control region. All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) initiate with ATN and terminate with TAN, with the exception of cox1 that starts with CGA, and cox1, cox2, and nad5 that terminate with an incomplete codon T. All transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) present the typical clover-leaf secondary structure except for the trnS1 (AGN) gene. There are some conserved structural elements in the control region. Our analyses indicate that nad6 and atp6 exhibit higher evolution rates compared to other PCGs. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitogenomes using both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods revealed the relationship (O. palustralis + (O. penitalis + (O. zealis + (O. furnacalis + (O. nubilalis + O. scapulalis))))) within Ostrinia. Insects 2020, 11, 232 2 of 15East Asia, and Northwestern Africa. Within this third species group, three subgroups are recognized according to the differences in male mid-tibia. The first subgroup contains four species including O. nubilalis and O. furnacalis with smaller mid-tibia and lacking any groove or scales. The second subgroup includes two species, namely O. kurentzovi (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970) and O. narynensis (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970), with a moderately dilated tibia and a fringe of enlarged curved scales. The third subgroup consists of four species, including O. scapulalis and O. zealis, possessing a strongly dilated tibia and massive scales in the groove. Mutuura and Munroe (1970) stated that the three species groups within the genus Ostrinia are monophyletic and indicated that O. penitalis is the most primitive species. The second group was defined as monophyletic because the members share potential synapomorphies in male genitalia [2]. The third species group has been intensively studied on the basis of their morphology, pheromones, and DNA sequence. Based on the complexity of the male tibia, Mutuura and Munroe (1970) considered that the species with the smallest tibia is the most primitive, then the species with the medium tibia are intermediate, and finally, the species with the large tibia and massive tuft are the most derived.Frolov (1981, 1984) stated that the variation in the male mid-tibia was determined by two alleles. The Mt and Mt + were two alleles located on autosomes and controlled the size of the mid-tibia, while i and i + were two alleles located on Z-sex-linked chromosomes and controlled the groove appearance. Mt/Mt + and i/i + follow a Mendelian inheritance pattern ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Zhou

Dong

Qiao

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…Therefore, combinations of Bt endotoxins in the same plants expand the insect resistance spectra, as validated in many studies (Meenakshi et al, 2011; Wang G.Y. et al, 2012a; Jiang et al, 2016). In China, two poplar varieties containing both Cry1Ac and Cry3A have been obtained.…”

Section: Multigene Transformationmentioning

confidence: 84%

The Current Status and Development of Insect-Resistant Genetically Engineered Poplar in China

et al. 2018

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Poplar is one of the main afforestation tree species in China, and the use of a single, or only a few, clones with low genetic diversity in poplar plantations has led to increasing problems with insect pests. The use of genetic engineering to cultivate insect-resistant poplar varieties has become a hot topic. Over the past 20 years, there have been remarkable achievements in this area. To date, nearly 22 insect-resistant poplar varieties have been created and approved for small-scale field testing, environmental release, or pilot-scale production. Here, we comprehensively review the development of insect-resistant genetically modified (GM) poplars in China. This review mostly addresses issues surrounding the regulation and commercialization of Bt poplar in China, the various insecticidal genes used, the effects of transgenic poplars on insects, toxic protein expression, multigene transformation, the stability of insect resistance, and biosafety. The efficacy of GM poplars for pest control differed among different transgenic poplar clones, larval instars, and insect species. The Bt protein analysis revealed that the expression level of Cry3A was significantly higher than that of Cry1Ac. Temporal and spatial studies of Bt protein showed that its expression varied with the developmental stage and tissue. The inheritance and expression of the exogenous gene were reviewed in transgenic hybrid poplar progeny lines and grafted sections. Biosafety issues, in terms of transgene stability and the effects on soil microorganisms, natural enemies of insects, and arthropod communities are also discussed.

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“…When the target insect pests eat any parts of these crops, the crystal inclusion (Cry proteins) in the food will solubilize by the alkaline pH of the mid-gut to release an inactive toxin called protoxin. The protoxin is then converted in to an active toxin after processed by the host proteases present in the midgut [84]. The activated toxin binds to insect-specific receptors found on the surface of the plasma membrane of midgut epithelial cells and then inserts into the membrane to create transmembrane pores that cause cell lysis and eventually death of the insect [84].…”

Section: Genetic Engineering Methods For Gene Pyramidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protoxin is then converted in to an active toxin after processed by the host proteases present in the midgut [84]. The activated toxin binds to insect-specific receptors found on the surface of the plasma membrane of midgut epithelial cells and then inserts into the membrane to create transmembrane pores that cause cell lysis and eventually death of the insect [84]. Interestingly, Bt-toxins have been found to be safe to human consumption because the intestinal walls of mammals do not have the endotoxin receptor necessary for the toxic effect, and the proteins are degraded quickly in the stomach.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering Methods For Gene Pyramidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Mapping and Pyramiding of Genes/Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for Durable Resistance of Crops to Biotic Stresses

Mekonnen¹,

Haileselassie²,

Tesfaye³

2017

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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Biotic stresses significantly limit global crop production. Identification and use of resistant cultivars is currently seen as the best strategy, cheapest, durable and environmentally friendly method to manage biotic stresses. However, resistance gained through single gene/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) transfer leads to resistance breakdown within a short period. Hence, current breeding programs targeted at developing durable and/ broad spectrum resistant cultivars by pyramiding multiple resistant genes/QTLs. Despite its significant contributions to crop improvement, gene pyramiding through conventional breeding suffers from being laborious, time consuming, costly and less efficient. Recently, the use of modern molecular tools like molecular markers and genetic engineering has dramatically enhanced the gene pyramiding strategy for biotic stress resistance. Molecular markers are very helpful for precise identification, mapping and introgression of multiple desirable genes/QTLs underlying trait of interest. Moreover, Genetic engineering has enabled scientists to transfer novel genes from any source into plants in a single generation to develop cultivars with the desired agronomic traits. Therefore, the current paper targeted to review the different types of biotic stress resistance in plants and the methodologies for identification, mapping and pyramiding of resistance genes/QTLs to develop durable and/or broad spectrum biotic stress resistant cultivars. So far, numerous crops with durable/broad spectrum resistance to pathogens, insect pests and herbicides have been developed by pyramiding multiple resistant genes/QTLs using marker assisted selection and genetic engineering techniques to contribute to increased crop production and productivity to maintain food security globally.

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Evaluation of Bt Corn with Pyramided Genes on Efficacy and Insect Resistance Management for the Asian Corn Borer in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Complete Mitogenomic Structure and Phylogenetic Implications of the Genus Ostrinia (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

The Current Status and Development of Insect-Resistant Genetically Engineered Poplar in China

Identification, Mapping and Pyramiding of Genes/Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) for Durable Resistance of Crops to Biotic Stresses

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