Evaluation of certain constituents of antioxidant defense in youth treated in the past for steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

Abstract

Disorders of lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense capacity reported during idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) exacerbations are known. The aim of this study was to evaluate constituents of antioxidant defense [total antioxidant potential: ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), tocopherols, ascorbic acid] in patients formerly treated for INS. The studied group consisted of 30 patients (20 males and 10 females) treated 4-15 years ago for INS. The control group consisted of 30 healthy teenagers. There were no statistically significant differences in PON-1 activity (156.4 +/- 97.1 vs 137.7 +/- 80.2 U/l), alpha-tocopherol levels (23.9 +/- 7.3 vs 22.4 +/- 3.2 micromol/l) and sum of beta- and gamma-tocopherols (2.1 +/- 1.0 vs 2.3 +/- 0.6 micromol/l), and in FRAP (484.9 +/- 87.2 vs 452.8 +/- 76.9 micromol/l) between groups. In the study group, a significantly lower concentration of ascorbic acid (53.0 +/- 20.8 vs 69.4 +/- 16 micromol/l; p < 0.002), decreased values of alpha-tocopherol/cholesterol (4.9 +/- 0.7 vs 5.5 +/- 1.2; p = 0.03), and total tocopherol/cholesterol (5.3 +/- 0.8 vs 6.1 +/- 1.4; p = 0.016) ratios were observed. A positive correlation between tocopherol/total cholesterol (TCh) (r = 0.41; p < 0.05) and alpha-tocopherol/TCh (r = 0.50; p < 0.001) ratios and INS relapse frequency was reported. The relationship between the study parameters and group of variables (relapse frequency, duration of the last remission, age, gender) was tested using the multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study suggest that the nonenzymatic antioxidant defense in young persons formerly treated for INS is weaker than in their healthy counterparts.

Serum levels of malondialdehyde, vitamin C and E in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a meta-analysis

“…A study by Mishra et al 28 showed no complete normalization of plasma levels of MDA after 6 months of induction of INS remission. Another study by Kniazewska et al 29 showed complete normalization of serum levels of ferric-reducing antioxidant power and paraoxonase-1 after 4-15 years of induction of INS remission, regrettably, MDA was not tested in this study. Nevertheless, our findings still have important clinical implications that the therapy of antioxidants should be used in both the active and remission stage of INS.…”

Evaluation of Paraoxonase Activity in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome

“…Kniazewska et al (15) have investigated TAC, PON-1, α-tocopherols, ascorbic acid in patients who had been treated 4-15 years ago and healthy subjects. They found no statistically significant differences in PON-1 activity, α-tocopherol levels and the sum of β- and γ-tocopherols and TAC between groups.…”

Review on long‐term non‐renal complications of childhood nephrotic syndrome

“…Patients with idiopathic NS with severe proteinuria have lipid metabolic disorders and face an increased risk of thromboembolism . Dyslipidaemia in NS may lead to endothelial dysfunction and a risk for atherosclerosis in adults, as well as myocardial infarction and stroke …”