Evaluation of chemical and morphological changes in radicular dentin after different final surface treatments

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical and morphological effects of different lasers as a final surface treatment for endodontic therapy through energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. Twenty‐five maxillary canines were selected and instrumented with K3 system. Roots were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 5) according to the surface treatment: GI (distilled water), GII (NaOCl + EDTA), GIII (NaOCl + EDTA + 980 nm diode laser), GIV (NaOCl + EDTA+ 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser), and GV (NaOCl + EDTA+ 2,780 nm Er, Cr:YSGG laser). Lasers were applied for 20 s and samples were bisected, exposing the treated surface and then subjected to elements quantification by EDS and morphological evaluation by scanning electron microscope (SEM). EDS data were submitted to ANOVA‐two way, and SEM scores were submitted to two‐way Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's tests. The EDS analysis showed no difference for the chemical elements and Ca/P ratio between groups (p > .05). Statistical analysis showed more intense results for GV and less intense results for GI (p < .05). The GIII showed an amorphous organic matrix surface, while GV provided greater removal of intertubular dentin forming craters, and GIV promoted dentin fusion. The EDS method used in this study was not able to verify any chemical changes in root canal dentin; Nd:YAG, Er, Cr:YSGG, and 980 nm diode laser were capable of modifying the dentin morphology, correlating characteristics features for each one, which are essential clinical knowledge to establish the correct indication for each case. Research Highlights EDS was not able to verify any chemical changes in root canal dentin after 980 nm diode, Nd:YAG and Er;Cr:YSGG laser treatments Nd:YAG, Er, Cr:YSGG, and 980 nm diode laser modified dentin morphology, correlating characteristics features for each one.

Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of dentin ultrastructure after surface demineralization

“…[ 24 ] The images generated by SEM are easily interpreted, despite the complexity of the mechanisms to obtain them. [ 24 ] Several studies used SEM and EDX analysis to evaluate dentin ultrastructure after different protocols for surface treatment,[ 22 23 ] and consistent findings were demonstrated, proving the efficacy of these methods.…”

“…SEM is a versatile observational method. It can be used for the analysis of the microstructure of solid material, such as dentin,[ 22 23 ] and visualization of the interface of several materials to dental tissues. [ 24 ] The images generated by SEM are easily interpreted, despite the complexity of the mechanisms to obtain them.…”

Effect of Erbium, Chromium-doped: Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium and Garnet Laser Tooth Preparation on Gap Formation of Universal Adhesive Bonded to Enamel and Dentin: A Micro-CT and SEM Study

“…26,27 In addition, some authors have reported melting and solidification of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiated dentin. 28,29 These morphological alternations might negatively affect resin hybridization. 30 During dentin laser irradiation, heat is generated, resulting in thermal denaturation of the collagen, breaking of the hydrogen bonds, and three-polypeptide chains in a triple helical molecular structure, which results in an irreversible transformation and shrinkage of the collagen fiber network.…”

Metodologías complementarias para la evaluación de dientes tratados endodónticamente restaurados con pernos prefabricados: revisión narrativa de la literatura

“…La espectrofotometría Raman se puede utilizar para evaluar la estabilidad química de la dentina frente a diferentes tipos de tratamiento 99 . La EDS por su parte, es un método asociado a menudo al uso de MEB, ya que permite la valoración cualitativa de las superficies tratadas, como, por ejemplo, después de utilizar diferentes protocolos de riego o utilizar láser 100 . Además, la Micro-CT se puede utilizar para evaluar el espesor del cemento y la presencia de huecos, el espesor de la dentina, y para mejorar el procedimiento de remoción de pernos, entre otras aplicaciones [101][102][103] .…”