Evaluation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) attributed to atmospheric O3, NO2, and SO2 using Air Q Model (2011–2012 year)

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important disease worldwide characterized by chronically poor airflow. The economic burden of COPD on any society can be enormous if not managed. We applied the approach proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) using the AirQ2.2.3 software developed by the WHO European Center for Environment and Health on air pollutants in Tabriz (Iran) (2011-2012 year). A 1h average of concentrations of ozone (O3), daily average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were used to assess human exposure and health effect in terms of attributable proportion of the health outcome and annual number of excess cases of Hospital Admissions for COPD (HA COPD). The results of this study showed that 2% (95% CI: 0.8-3.1%) of HA COPD were attributed to O3 concentrations over 10 μg/m(3). In addition, 0.7 % (95% CI: 0.1-1.8%) and 0.5% (95% CI: 0-1%) of HA COPD were attributed to NO2 and SO2 concentrations over 10 μg/m(3) respectively. In this study, we have shown that O3, NO2 and SO2 have a significant impact on COPD hospitalization. Given these results the policy decisions are needed in order to reduce the chronic pulmonary diseases caused by air pollution and furthermore better quantification studies are recommended.

National and sub-national age-sex specific and cause-specific mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to household air pollution from solid cookfuel use (HAP) in Iran, 1990–2013

“…In contrast with HAP, outdoor air pollution has exhibited an increasing trend and has become an important environmental health problem in Iran. Urban air pollution in large cities such as Tehran, Isfahan, Tabriz, and Shiraz has risen because of increasing road traffic and population growth and in recent years dust storms, mainly originated from southern and western neighboring countries, have caused major concerns and health issues especially in south and west of the country (Ghanbari Ghozikali et al, 2016;Gharehchahi et al, 2013;Gholampour et al, 2014;Janghorbani and Piraei, 2013;Khamutian et al, 2015;Rashki et al, 2012;Shahsavani et al, 2012). Naddafi et al (2012) estimated that ambient air particulate matter was responsible for a total mortality of 2194 out of 47284 in Tehran in 2010.…”

Winter Is Coming: A Socio-Environmental Monitoring and Spatiotemporal Modelling Approach for Better Understanding a Respiratory Disease

“…Although the relationship between COPD hospitalisations and air pollution might seem to be weaker in the winter, there is the remaining progressive effect of air pollution caused by increased winter levels of air pollution (particulate matter) when compared to the non-winter season. Nonetheless, the air pollution still has a multiplicative effect on the number of COPD hospitalisations regardless of the season as mentioned regularly in the literature [16,59,61].…”

Increased Risk of Respiratory Mortality Associated with the High-Tech Manufacturing Industry: A 26-Year Study

“…Exposure not only to particulate matter but also to several ambient air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and VOCs, may increase the risk of respiratory diseases [ 22 ]. In the short term, when the concentration of each sulfur dioxides, nitrogen dioxides, and ozone over 10 μg/m 3 , the excess cases of hospital admissions for COPD increased by 0.5%, 0.7%, and 2%, respectively [ 23 ]. In the long term, chronic exposure to air pollutants not only increases the risk of asthma among children but also contributes to the development of asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”