Evaluation of climate change impact on groundwater from semi-arid environment (Essaouira Basin, Morocco) using integrated approaches

Ouhamdouch, Salah; Bahir, Mohammed; Ouazar, Driss; Carreira, Paulà M.; Zouari, Kamel

doi:10.1007/s12665-019-8470-2

Cited by 78 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…According to the study of climate change scenarios on precipitation and temperature elements in Ramhormoz plain, we found that with decreasing rainfall, a gradual decrease in the height of piezometers was obtained, which is less sensitive to precipitation changes due to the coastal aquifer. The results of this study are consistent with the studies presented by [38,39]. Also with [40,41] studies on climate change scenarios on precipitation and temperature, in miniaturizing the precipitation parameter, [42] have examined the groundwater level, which is consistent with current studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

How groundwater level can predict under the effect of climate change by using artificial neural networks of NARX

Javadinejad

Dara

Jafary

2020

Resour Environ Inf Eng

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The phenomenon of climate change in recent years has led to significant changes in climatic elements and as a result the status of surface and groundwater resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, this issue has sometimes caused a significant decline in groundwater resources. In this paper, the effects of climate change on the status of groundwater resources in Marvdasht plain have been investigated. Water supply of different parts of this region is highly dependent on groundwater resources and therefore the study of groundwater changes in future periods is important in the development of this plain and the management of its water resources. In order to evaluate the effects of climate change, the output of atmospheric circulation models (GCM) has been used. Then, in order to adapt the output scale of these models to the scale required by local studies of climate change, precipitation and temperature data have been downscaled by LARS-WG model. Downscaled information was used to determine the amount of feed and drainage of the aquifer in future periods. To investigate changes in groundwater levels at different stages, a neural network dynamic model has been developed in MATLAB software environment. It is also possible to study and compare other points using other scenarios and mathematical modeling. The results of the study, assuming the current state of development in the region, indicate a downward trend in the volume of the aquifer due to climate change and its effects on resources and uses of the study area. The results also introduce Scenario A2 as the most critical scenario related to climate change, which also shows the largest aquifer decline in neural network modeling.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

How groundwater level can predict under the effect of climate change by using artificial neural networks of NARX

Javadinejad

Dara

Jafary

2020

Resour Environ Inf Eng

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“…In the coastal area of the Oum Erbia basin, Mountadar et al [33] found that the groundwater is also contaminated by seawater intrusion, accompanied by ion exchange based on the hydrogeological characteristics of the area. In the central Tensift-Haouz basin (Figure 2a), several authors [34,35] observed a deterioration in groundwater quality with an increase in salinity from seawater intrusion and nitrate contamination from intensifying agricultural activity. Finally, the Souss-Massa coastal aquifer shows high salinity mainly along the estuaries of the Souss and Massa rivers, which indicates a tidal influence.…”

Section: Coastal Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moroccan Groundwater Resources and Evolution with Global Climate Changes

et al. 2020

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In semi-arid areas, many ecosystems and activities depend essentially on water availability. In Morocco, the increase of water demands combined to climate change induced decrease of precipitation put a lot of pressure on groundwater. This paper reports the results of updating and evaluation of groundwater datasets with regards to climate scenarios and institutional choices. The continuous imbalance between groundwater extraction and recharge caused a dramatic decline in groundwater levels (20 to 65 m in the past 30 years). Additionally, Morocco suffers from the degradation in groundwater quality due to seawater intrusion, nitrate pollution and natural salinity changes. Climate data analysis and scenarios predict that temperatures will increase by 2 to 4 °C and precipitation will decrease by 53% in all catchments over this century. Consequently, surface water availability will drastically decrease, which will lead to more extensive use of groundwater. Without appropriate measures, this situation will jeopardize water security in Morocco. In this paper, we zoom on the case the Souss-Massa basin, where management plans (artificial recharge, seawater desalination, and wastewater reuse) have been adopted to restore groundwater imbalance or, at least, mitigate the recorded deficits. These plans may save water for future generations and sustain crop production.

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“…The monitoring network, with a monthly step (only one measurement per month) for a period of 10 years (2006-2016), of the four aquifers showed a decrease (Figure 8) in water level in the six piezometers (a, b, c, d, e, and f) monitored in the basin. This decrease was controlled by several factors, including the decrease in precipitation that was probably due to the effects of climate change [16]. The problems of water scarcity and cyclicality of droughts have been claimed in the Essaouira region in recent decades [9].…”

Section: Piezometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the last three decades, the quality and availability of water resources in these areas have been negatively affected by climate change [9,15]. According to previous studies, the succession of drought cycles where the number of years of rainfall deficit exceeds the number of wet years [16,17] and the continuous increase in needs due to population growth and lifestyle improvements have negative consequences on the water resource potential. Climate change has a direct influence on water availability and quality in the Essaouira basin [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Groundwater Characteristics within a Semi-Arid Environment Using Hydrochemical and Remote Sensing Techniques

Rafik

Bahir

Beljadid

et al. 2021

Water

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The understanding of hydro systems is of great importance in monitoring quantitative and qualitative changes in water resources. The Essaouira region at the edge of the Moroccan Atlantic Ocean is subject to a semi-arid climate. The decrease in rainfall as a result of climate change and the increase in the exploitation of surface and groundwater have disrupted the stability of these resources and threaten the socio-economic and environmental balance in the area under investigation. Climate scenarios estimate that precipitation will decrease by 10–20% while warming increases by 3 °C over the next 30 years. The physico-chemical parameters studied show that the evolution of the pH and temperature of the groundwater remained stable with a neutral (pH ≈ 7) and a hypothermal character (T < 30 °C). For the electrical conductivity, it showed an increasing trend from 2017 to 2020. A hydrochemical approach showed that the groundwater mineralization was controlled by the dissolution of evaporites and carbonates, by cation exchange processes, and by seawater contamination. A groundwater assessment for drinking use was made by comparing the concentrations of the chemical elements with the standards set by the World Health Organization. The results obtained show that the groundwater from the aquifers studied requires treatment before being consumed, in particular for Cl− and SO42−. Furthermore, the groundwater quality for irrigation was evaluated based on the parameters Na% and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). The results showed that the groundwater was adequate for agricultural purposes, especially for the plants that adapt to high salinity. The monitoring of surface water by processing the satellite images via the calculation of the normalized difference water index (NDWI) showed an increase in water surface areas in the region following the commissioning of two large dams (Zerrar and Igouzoullene). Despite the installation of these hydraulic structures, a drop of 4.85 km2 in water surface area was observed beyond 2016. This situation requires intervention in order to preserve this vital resource.

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Evaluation of climate change impact on groundwater from semi-arid environment (Essaouira Basin, Morocco) using integrated approaches

Cited by 78 publications

References 10 publications

How groundwater level can predict under the effect of climate change by using artificial neural networks of NARX

How groundwater level can predict under the effect of climate change by using artificial neural networks of NARX

Moroccan Groundwater Resources and Evolution with Global Climate Changes

Surface and Groundwater Characteristics within a Semi-Arid Environment Using Hydrochemical and Remote Sensing Techniques

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