The integrity and reusability of three flight-weight metallic and reusable surface insulation (RSI) thermal protection systems, designed for the space Shuttle entry environment, have been demonstrated. Each model successfully survived over 23 entry thermal cycles without serious degradation. The metallic systems were more tolerant of the hostile environment and provided a higher degree of reusability than did the RSI. Thermal expansion slip joints of the metallic TPS successfully prevented hot-gas ingress to the substructure. The RSI demonstrated high damage tolerance, and field repairs increased its reusability. Heat-transfer tests to further assess RSI gap heating indicate that stacked tile orientations may impose a penalty on tile thickness. Parameters influencing RSI impingement heating were determined and the heating data correlated.
Nomenclature
D= tile length (Figs. 11 and 12), m L = gap length (Fig. 10), m M t -local Mach number A p = panel differential pressure, Pa q = heat-transfer rate, w/m 2 Qf p = flat-plate heat-transfer rate, w/m 2 T -temperature, K s -surface dimension on tile perimeter (Fig. 11), m w -gap width (Fig. 10), m x -surface dimension from midpoint of tile (Fig. 12), m z = depth below tile surface (Fig. 10), m 5* = boundary-layer displacement thickness, m 6 = slope of tile forward-facing wall (Fig. 10), deg