Evaluation of coliforms as indicators of water quality in India

Ramteke, Pramod W.; Bhattacharjee, Joydeep; Pathak, S. P.; Kalra, Neetu

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb01846.x

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It is likely that lower water temperatures during the winter in Tokyo inhibited in situ growth of E. coli (31), while coprostanol concentrations remained high in the winter because microbial degradation was lower. Similar observations have been reported for other organic compounds, such as linear alkylbenzenes (LABs), whose concentrations were higher in winter due to decreased water flow and lower rates of biodegradation due to lower water temperatures (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Environmental Factors on the Relationship between Concentrations of Coprostanol and Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Tropical (Mekong Delta) and Temperate (Tokyo) Freshwaters

Isobe

Tarao

Chiếm

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A reliable assessment of microbial indicators of fecal pollution (total coliform, Escherichia coli, and fecal streptococcus) is critical in tropical environments. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between concentrations of indicator bacteria and a chemical indicator, coprostanol (5␤-cholestan-3␤-ol), in tropical and temperate regions. Water samples were collected from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, during wet and dry seasons, and from Tokyo, Japan, during summer, the aftermath of a typhoon, and winter. During the wet season in the Mekong Delta, higher bacterial densities were observed in rivers, probably due to the higher bacterial inputs from soil particles with runoff. In Tokyo, higher bacterial densities were usually observed during summer, followed by those in the typhoon aftermath and winter. A strong logarithmic correlation between the concentrations of E. coli and coprostanol was demonstrated in all surveys. Distinctive seasonal fluctuations were observed, as concentrations of coprostanol corresponding to 1,000 CFU of E. coli/100 ml were at their lowest during the wet season in the Mekong Delta and the typhoon aftermath in Tokyo (30 ng/liter), followed by the dry season in the Mekong Delta and the summer in Tokyo (100 ng/liter), and they were much higher during the winter in Tokyo (400 ng/liter). These results suggested that E. coli is a specific indicator of fecal contamination in both tropical and temperate regions but that the densities are affected by elevated water temperature and input from runoff of soil particles. The concurrent determination of E. coli and coprostanol concentrations could provide a possible approach to assessing the reliability of fecal pollution monitoring data.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Environmental Factors on the Relationship between Concentrations of Coprostanol and Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Tropical (Mekong Delta) and Temperate (Tokyo) Freshwaters

Isobe

Tarao

Chiếm

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Temperature ranged from 11.7 • C to 13.8 • C at Station # T-4 and T-8, respectively. Almost all water samples had temperature values above the World Health Organization (WHO) limits of 12 • C. Knowledge of water temperature is important because temperature is a critical factor in determining the growth of the microorganisms (Ramteke et al 1992). Temperature also affects the solubility of oxygen in water.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorination and water quality monitoring within a public drinking water supply in Rawalpindi Cantt (Westridge and Tench) area, Pakistan

Hashmi

Farooq

Qaiser

2008

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concern over the presence of fecal coliform in public drinking water supplies has been expressed in recent years in Pakistan since it has been regarded as pathogenic organism of prime importance in gastroenteritis. Two major drinking water distribution systems in the Cantt area of Rawalpindi district covering the Westridge and Tench areas was monitored over a 2-month period to determine the prevalence of fecal coliform and chlorine residual. The collected samples were examined for total chlorine, free chlorine residual, chloramines, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and turbidity. The drinking water quality monitoring in the distribution network was performed by collecting samples from water source, overhead reservoir, and residential taps. In the Westridge area, total chlorine varied from the lowest value of 0.27 mg/L at Station # W-5 to the highest value of 0.42 mg/L at Station # W-2, total coliforms varied from 1.1 to 3.6 most probable number (MPN)/100 mL with presence of Escherichia coli in all samples, total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged from 199.5 to 205 mg/L, conductivity fluctuated between 399 and 411 microS/cm, and turbidity varied from 0.43 to 0.73 NTU. In the Tench area, the value of total chlorine ranged from 0.14 mg/L at Station # T-7 to 0.55 mg/L at Station # T-1. Total coliform varied from 3.6 to 5.1 MPN/100 mL and fecal coliform were detected at all the stations except at Station # T-1. TDS ranged from 201.4 to 257 mg/L, conductivity varied from 343 to 513 microS/cm, and turbidity ranged between 0.66 and 1.55 NTU. It is recommended to the respective agencies to ensure that the chlorine residual is available at consumer end.

show abstract

“…There are many reports concerning the contamination of drinking water in developing countries (e.g., Feachem et al 1983;Ramteke et al 1992;Edema et al 2001;Ikem et al 2002;Akpomedaye and Ejechi 2003). Poor quality water arising from insufficient water supply and poor sanitation are the major causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the world particularly in the developing countries (OECD/WHO 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sociological dimension in the handling habit and sanitary quality of hand-dug well water from oil-producing area of Nigeria

Ejechi

2007

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A previous report showed that the physical and sanitary quality of hand-dug wells from an oil-producing area of Nigeria was poor in spite of the presence of well protective features. The hypothesis that handling habits is associated with the well water quality was therefore, tested. A structured questionnaire with scales for measuring handling habits was administered to 60 female (>18 years) hand-dug well users/owners randomly selected from three towns in the oil-producing area. The respondents' wells were analysed for coliform bacteria. The findings showed that poor handling habits were the trend (habit score: Mean, 9.23 vs. 20 total available points). Handling habit indicated by scores, significantly negatively correlated (-0.89; P < 0.01) with coliform counts (indicator of poor sanitary quality). While the data collected and discussions with respondents indicated awareness of the risk of drinking well water, widespread skepticism of the potential hazards of non-drinking domestic uses (e.g., cooking, washing of plates, cups, cutleries etc.) was evident. Discontent with some aspects of science was indicated. It is concluded that there is need for social discourse and more public health campaign aimed at transforming skepticism to consent.

show abstract

Evaluation of coliforms as indicators of water quality in India

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Environmental Factors on the Relationship between Concentrations of Coprostanol and Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Tropical (Mekong Delta) and Temperate (Tokyo) Freshwaters

Effect of Environmental Factors on the Relationship between Concentrations of Coprostanol and Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Tropical (Mekong Delta) and Temperate (Tokyo) Freshwaters

Chlorination and water quality monitoring within a public drinking water supply in Rawalpindi Cantt (Westridge and Tench) area, Pakistan

Sociological dimension in the handling habit and sanitary quality of hand-dug well water from oil-producing area of Nigeria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About