Evaluation of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) responses to an amino acid containing co-product

Mertz, Isaac

doi:10.31274/etd-180810-4188

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The SPAC was operated at an optical path of 9.74 m and electrically heated to 342 K. Good stability of the water vapour partial pressure was achieved by virtue of the small surface-area to volume ratio of both the cells. Norton-Beer strong apodization (Norton and Beer 1976) and Mertz phase correction (Mertz 1967) were applied to all of the measured interferograms. Where appropriate, optical filters were used to limit the optical bandwidth to the spectral range of the measurement.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm⁻¹: Evidence for water dimers

Ptashnik¹,

Smith²,

Shine³

et al. 2004

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

109

114

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SUMMARYIn spite of decades of extensive studies, the role of water dimers (WD) in the atmospheric radiation budget is still controversial. In order to search for evidence of the dimer in the solar near infrared, high spectral resolution pure water vapour absorption spectra were obtained in laboratory conditions for two different pressures and temperatures in the spectral region 5000-5600 cm −1 (1.785 to 2 µm). The residual was derived as a difference between the measured optical depth and the calculated one for water monomer, using the modified HITRAN database and two different representations of the water vapour continuum: CKD-2.4 (Clough-Kneizys-Davies) and the Ma and Tipping continuum. In both cases the residuals obtained are very similar to those expected from a recent theoretical calculation of the WD absorption. However, the WD band half-width at half maximum (HWHM) and dimerization equilibrium constant, K eq , required to provide a best fit to the residual, differ for each case. To be in best agreement with the residual calculated by using the Ma and Tipping continuum, the WD bands HWHM should be ∼28 cm −1 , and K eq = 0.02 ± 0.0035 atm −1 and 0.043 ± 0.0055 atm −1 for temperatures 342 and 299 K respectively. For the residual calculated using the CKD-2.4 continuum the fitted value of the HWHM is ∼18 cm −1 , and K eq = 0.011 ± 0.0025 atm −1 (342 K) and 0.018 ± 0.003 atm −1 (299 K). It is concluded that a substantial part of the WD absorption is already implicitly included within the CKD-2.4 continuum model. The increase in estimated clear-sky global mean absorption of solar radiation due to WD varies from 0.5% to 2.0%, depending on the set of WD parameters used. On the basis of a comparison of the derived K eq values with others in the literature, the higher estimate is favoured.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm⁻¹: Evidence for water dimers

Ptashnik¹,

Smith²,

Shine³

et al. 2004

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

109

114

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“…When foliarly applied, some of these organic materials can enter the plant through leaf tissue, where they become a possible N source for plant growth (Joy and Antcliff, 1966;M€ akel€ a et al, 1996). Compared with mineral nutrition, AA-containing products have been reported to improve root growth, increase the rate of establishment, aid recovery, and enable grasses to better withstand environmental stresses (Aamlid et al, 2017;Jones and Christians, 2011;Mertz, 2015;Mertz et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2013). Furthermore, the industry standard urea N must be converted to ammonium (NH 4 + ) before entering plant leaves and being assimilated into AA inside the plant (Hull et al, 2014); therefore, supplying AA directly may be a more efficient method of providing plants with N.…”

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confidence: 99%

Utilizing Branched-chain Amino Acids for Increasing Shoot Density and Establishment Rate in Creeping Bentgrass

Mertz

Christians

Thoms

2020

hortte

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ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Agrostis stolonifera, fertilizer, golf, percent cover, turfgrass SUMMARY. The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine (L), isoleucine (IL), and valine (V) are synthesized in plants and are essential to growth in most organisms. These compounds can be absorbed by the plant when foliarly applied, but plant catabolism of BCAA is not completely understood. A recent study observed that BCAA applied in a 2:1:1 or 4:1:1 ratio (L:IL:V) increased creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) shoot density compared with applications of equal urea nitrogen (N) at 3.03 lb/acre N. The present study investigated whether those increases could translate to a quicker establishment rate of creeping bentgrass grown from seed in standard greenhouse pots. The BCAA applications were compared with equal N applications using urea and a commercially available amino acid product. All N treatments were applied at 3.03 lb/acre N, per application and applied a total of four times on a 14-day interval starting 14 days after seeding. Measurements included final shoot density counts and root and shoot weights, as well as digital image analysis of percent green cover for each greenhouse pot every 7 days. No differences were observed after 70 days in shoot weight, or percent green cover between BCAA treatments and urea; however, BCAA 2:1:1 and 4:1:1 increased shoot density 21% and 30%, respectively, compared with urea, and were equal to the commercially available amino acid product. Applications of BCAA 4:1:1 also increased creeping bentgrass rooting weight by a factor of 7 compared with urea N.

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“…In an attempt to identify an optimal application ratio for BCAA on creeping bentgrass, it was investigated if increases in shoot density could be further increased using a ratio greater than 4:1:1 (L:IL:V) (Mertz, 2019). During that study, it was discovered that when BCAA were acting as a standalone N source (3.4 kg‐N ha −1 ), incorporating additional L into solution beyond a 4:1:1 level led to mixing difficulties (Mertz, 2019). This was likely caused by L having a greater hydrophobicity that IL and V (Wolfenden et al., 1981), and material incompatibility became more of a problem when trying to incorporate additional L into solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an attempt to identify an optimal application ratio for BCAA on creeping bentgrass, it was investigated if increases in shoot density could be further increased using a ratio greater than 4:1:1 (L:IL:V) (Mertz, 2019). During that study, it was discovered that when BCAA were acting as a standalone N source (3.4 kg-N ha −1 ), incorporating additional L into solution beyond a 4:1:1 level led to mixing difficulties (Mertz, 2019). This was likely caused by L having a greater hydrophobicity that IL and V (Wolfenden et al, 1981), and material incompatibility became more of a problem when trying to incorporate additional L into solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the use of the branched‐chain amino acids in combination with urea on creeping bentgrass at establishment

Mertz

Thoms

Christians

2021

Intl Turfgrass Soc Res J

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The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine (L), isoleucine (IL), and valine (V) are synthesized in plants and essential to growth in most organisms. Research has shown that when foliarly applied, these compounds can be absorbed by the plant, however, plant catabolism of BCAA is not completely understood. A ratio of 4:1:1 (L:IL:V) applied at 3.4 kg-nitrogen (N) ha −1 was identified as the optimal application ratio for increasing creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) shoot density, however, material incompatibility issues occurred when BCAA were applied at 8:1:1 and 12:1:1 in previous work. The objective of this study was to determine if shoot density could be further increased by using lower BCAA ratio rates in combination with urea and GreenNCrease to equalize N at establishment. Creeping bentgrass samples grown in sand-filled pots were subjected to N application (3.4 kg-N ha −1

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Evaluation of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) responses to an amino acid containing co-product

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm⁻¹: Evidence for water dimers

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm⁻¹: Evidence for water dimers

Utilizing Branched-chain Amino Acids for Increasing Shoot Density and Establishment Rate in Creeping Bentgrass

Evaluating the use of the branched‐chain amino acids in combination with urea on creeping bentgrass at establishment

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Evaluation of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) responses to an amino acid containing co-product

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm−1: Evidence for water dimers

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm−1: Evidence for water dimers

Utilizing Branched-chain Amino Acids for Increasing Shoot Density and Establishment Rate in Creeping Bentgrass

Evaluating the use of the branched‐chain amino acids in combination with urea on creeping bentgrass at establishment

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Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm⁻¹: Evidence for water dimers

Laboratory measurements of water vapour continuum absorption in spectral region 5000–5600 cm⁻¹: Evidence for water dimers