Evaluation of Cypholophus macrocephalus sap as a treatment for infected cutaneous ulcers in Papua New Guinea

Moses, Rachael L.; Fang, Rui; Dally, Jordanna; Briggs, Marie; Lundy, Fionnuala T.; Kiapranis, Robert; Moseley, Ryan; Prescott, Thomas A.K.

doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104554

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The ethnopharmacological approach to discovering novel wound-healing therapies from nature is exemplified by research carried out at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Researchers there have been working with indigenous communities in Papua New Guinea to investigate the potential of traditional plant medicines used to treat cutaneous ulcers [ 124 , 125 , 126 ]. These skin ulcers are infected with a variety of bacterial species and are extremely common in children in Papua New Guinea, normally presenting as circular ulcers on the lower leg [ 126 ].…”

Section: Bioactive Small Molecules From Natural Sources With Promisin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study of a Papua New Guinea plant medicine, the exudate of Cypholophus macrocephalus (Blume) Wedd was evaluated, again due to its documented traditional use as a topical treatment for cutaneous ulcers by the indigenous population [ 125 ]. Human-derived neutrophils and macrophages treated with this exudate demonstrated increased IL-6 release, equivalent to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and GM-CSF, respectively.…”

Section: Bioactive Small Molecules From Natural Sources With Promisin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human-derived neutrophils and macrophages treated with this exudate demonstrated increased IL-6 release, equivalent to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and GM-CSF, respectively. There was a dose-dependent stimulation of TNF-α release, observed in both neutrophils and macrophages [ 125 ].…”

Section: Bioactive Small Molecules From Natural Sources With Promisin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Natural Products as Alternative Wound-Healing Therapies

et al. 2023

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Chronic, non-healing wounds represent a significant area of unmet medical need and are a growing problem for healthcare systems around the world. They affect the quality of life for patients and are an economic burden, being difficult and time consuming to treat. They are an escalating problem across the developed world due to the increasing incidence of diabetes and the higher prevalence of ageing populations. Effective treatment options are currently lacking, and in some cases chronic wounds can persist for years. Some traditional medicines are believed to contain bioactive small molecules that induce the healing of chronic wounds by reducing excessive inflammation, thereby allowing re-epithelisation to occur. Furthermore, many small molecules found in plants are known to have antibacterial properties and, although they lack the therapeutic selectivity of antibiotics, they are certainly capable of acting as topical antiseptics when applied to infected wounds. As these molecules act through mechanisms of action distinct from those of clinically used antibiotics, they are often active against antibiotic resistant bacteria. Although there are numerous studies highlighting the effects of naturally occurring small molecules in wound-healing assays in vitro, only evidence from well conducted clinical trials can allow these molecules or the remedies that contain them to progress to the clinic. With this in mind, we review wound-healing natural remedies that have entered clinical trials over a twenty-year period to the present. We examine the bioactive small molecules likely to be in involved and, where possible, their mechanisms of action.

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Section: Bioactive Small Molecules From Natural Sources With Promisin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioactive Small Molecules From Natural Sources With Promisin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioactive Small Molecules From Natural Sources With Promisin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Natural Products as Alternative Wound-Healing Therapies

et al. 2023

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“…Natural compounds have a long history of use in wound healing, and the cellular mechanisms of action are beginning to be delineated as active components are extracted and assessed [280][281][282]. The exploitation of the aromatic nature and antioxidant capabilities of various naturally sourced polyphenolic compounds and their extracts have been demonstrated in numerous in vitro and in vivo systems, with desirable biocompatible and anti-fibrotic effects in models of pulmonary [283][284][285]; renal [286,287]; myocardial [288,289]; and skin fibrosis [290,291].…”

Section: Antioxidant Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myofibroblasts: Function, Formation, and Scope of Molecular Therapies for Skin Fibrosis

et al. 2021

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Myofibroblasts are contractile, α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells with multiple roles in pathophysiological processes. Myofibroblasts mediate wound contractions, but their persistent presence in tissues is central to driving fibrosis, making them attractive cell targets for the development of therapeutic treatments. However, due to shared cellular markers with several other phenotypes, the specific targeting of myofibroblasts has long presented a scientific and clinical challenge. In recent years, myofibroblasts have drawn much attention among scientific research communities from multiple disciplines and specialisations. As further research uncovers the characterisations of myofibroblast formation, function, and regulation, the realisation of novel interventional routes for myofibroblasts within pathologies has emerged. The research community is approaching the means to finally target these cells, to prevent fibrosis, accelerate scarless wound healing, and attenuate associated disease-processes in clinical settings. This comprehensive review article describes the myofibroblast cell phenotype, their origins, and their diverse physiological and pathological functionality. Special attention has been given to mechanisms and molecular pathways governing myofibroblast differentiation, and updates in molecular interventions.

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“…Within LC there are two large communities, Ahi Local Level Government with a population of 60,326, and Lae Urban Local Level Government with a population of 88,608. Nonetheless, its population is threatened by poverty (Cammack 2007), inequality (Johnson 1993), and diseases (Allen 1999) caused by the mismanagement of municipal solid waste (MSW) (Faried et al 2020;Moses et al 2020;Rungwa et al 2013).…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of municipal solid waste management system in Lae City, Papua New Guinea in the context of sustainable development

Doaemo

Dhiman²,

Borovskis³

et al. 2021

Environ Dev Sustain

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Lae City (LC) of Morobe Province is the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea. Due to the abundant natural resources it inherits, the resultant urbanization has led to an influx of the human population. This increase in population as a result of industrialization has led to increased municipal solid waste (MSW) accumulation. To address this exigent issue, which affects the nation’s carbon footprint, it is imperative to review socio-economic and geographic factors to establish a feasible approach for managing MSW efficiently and sustainably. In the quest to achieve the same, the present assessment focuses on the 3 core waste management hierarchy systems to support sustainable development for LC by reviewing existing opportunities and challenges associated with the current MSW management system and the associated policies. The result shows that as a sustainable approach to MSW management of LC, a zero-waste campaign for resource recovery engaging all stakeholders can be implemented since the organic content of MSW generated in LC is as high as 70%. Moreover, the dumping of MSW at the dedicated dumpsite site can be minimized if policies are strengthened and the proposed waste avoidance pathway is implemented strictly. In addition to this, to avoid the contamination of groundwater and recovery of methane, the use of the Fukuoka approach in the existing landfills has been suggested to capture leachate without any huge expenditure. Graphic abstract

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Evaluation of Cypholophus macrocephalus sap as a treatment for infected cutaneous ulcers in Papua New Guinea

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Evidence for Natural Products as Alternative Wound-Healing Therapies

Evidence for Natural Products as Alternative Wound-Healing Therapies

Myofibroblasts: Function, Formation, and Scope of Molecular Therapies for Skin Fibrosis

Assessment of municipal solid waste management system in Lae City, Papua New Guinea in the context of sustainable development

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