Evaluation of Cystoid Macular Edema in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion, Makkah Eye Hospital, Aden, Yemen

Abstract

Background: Cystoid macular edema (CMO) represents a common pathologic sequel of the retina. This study aimed to study the occurrence of cystoid macular edema in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Materials and methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 54 retinal vein occlusion patients in Makkah eye hospital in Aden, from January to December 2021. The collected data analyzed by SPSS version 22. Chi-square test was used and a p-value less than 0.05 was determined as statistically significant. Results: The total study patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) were 54, (males 63.0% and females 37.0%). The mean age was 58.2 ± 12.7 years. The most side involvement of branch retinal vein occlusions (BRVO) was in the right eyes with (25%) and of central retinal vein occlusions (CRVO) in (30%), (p > 0.05).The total number of eyes with RVO was 60 eyes, of which 26 eyes were with BRVO and 34 eyes with CRVO. In eyes with BRVO (35.0%) developed CMO while in eyes affected by CRVO, (31.7%), (p < 0.05). We found higher intra-ocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg in CRVO with (18.4%) while in BRVO were in (8.3%), (p > 0.05).There was a positive correlation between hypertension and RVO (P < 0.05) and there was no significant relation in this study between glaucoma and occurrence of RVO (p > 0.05). The visual acuity after receiving the Avastin injections improved in all visual acuity groups. Conclusion: In this study, males were predominant. The CRVO was the commonest type of RVO. Some patients with CRVO and BRVO developed CMO. The relation between values of BRVO and CRVO related to the occurrence of CMO was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Keywords: Evaluation, cystoid macular edema, retinal vein occlusion, Aden, Yemen