Evaluation of cytotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic potential of leaf extracts of three medicinal plants using Allium cepa chromosome assay

Rathnasamy, Selestin; Mohamed, Kamaruzaman Bin; Sulaiman, Shaida Fariza; Akinboro, Akeem

doi:10.3329/icpj.v2i8.15588

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The root growth inhibition test is proved to be useful tool for detection of the concentrations used for cytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation of different chemical compounds [32] [33]. EC50 determination is also widely used as a first step in cytogenetic studies on medicinal plants extracts [34]- [36]. The results from the present study revealed concentration dependent and statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) negative influence of both extracts tested in comparison with untreated control.…”

Section: Root Growth Inhibition Test and Determination Of Effective Cmentioning

confidence: 54%

Allelopathic Effects of Adonis vernalis L.: Root Growth Inhibition and Cytogenetic Alterations

Dragoeva¹,

Koleva²,

Nanova³

et al. 2015

JACEN

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A possible alternative to synthetic agricultural chemicals is through the use of allelopathy. Adonis species are rich sources of secondary metabolites. Such allelochemicals offer potential for the development of future pesticides. Allelochemicals influence plant growth and cause morphological alterations. This visible effect could be due to primary effects at cellular or molecular level. Changes in the mitotic activity and disturbances in different phases of mitotic division are accepted as indicators of cytotoxic influence. Mitotic abnormalities and induction of micronuclei in interphase cells are parameters used to determine genotoxicity. The purpose of the current study was to establish the possible allelopathic effect of Adonis vernalis L. water extracts through evaluation of root growth inhibition effect and cytogenetic alterations. Adonis vernalis L. growing wild in Bulgaria was used in the present study. Two types of water extracts were prepared: Hot and Cold Water Extract of A. vernalis (HWЕА and СWЕА). A 72-h root growth inhibition test was provided in order to determine the toxicity level of extracts. EC50 values were determined. For toxicity test, seeds of Triticum aestivum L. cv. GTW were used. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water extracts (EC50) were evaluated using Allium cepa L.-test. The EC50 for HWEA and CWEA was determined 1.83 g/l and 0.78 g/l respectively. Significant influence on mitotic activity values and a marked decrease in percentage of telophase cells were observed after treatment with both extracts. Adonis extracts also induced different mitotic abnormalities in root-tip cells of Allium cepa L. The percent of interphase cells with micronuclei increased significantly only after treatment with HWEA. The results indicated growth inhibitory, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of crude water extracts of A. vernalis L. These effects demonstrated the presence of water soluble allelochemicals in Adonis aerial parts.

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Section: Root Growth Inhibition Test and Determination Of Effective Cmentioning

confidence: 54%

Allelopathic Effects of Adonis vernalis L.: Root Growth Inhibition and Cytogenetic Alterations

Dragoeva¹,

Koleva²,

Nanova³

et al. 2015

JACEN

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“…In Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand in particular, the plant is traditionally used in the treatment of skins rashes, insect and snake bites, mental stress, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, fever, dysentery, burns, scalds, diarrhea, and herpes skins infections [ 11 ]. Scientifically, extracts of C. nutans have been shown to exert antibacterial [ 12 ], anti-inflammatory [ 13 ], antiherpes [ 14 , 15 ], antioxidant [ 16 ], antiproliferative [ 17 ], cytotoxic, and antimutagenic [ 18 ] activities and demonstrated to affect the immune response when studied in vivo (mice) [ 19 ] or in vitro (human cells) [ 20 ]. Moreover, the plant has also been developed into oral-based agent for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis [ 21 ] while the oral toxicity study revealed that C. nutans is safe for consumption [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanolic Extract of Clinacanthus nutans Exerts Antinociceptive Activity via the Opioid/Nitric Oxide‐Mediated, but cGMP‐Independent, Pathways

Rahim

Zakaria

Sani

et al. 2016

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The objectives of the present study were to determine the mechanisms of antinociceptive effect of methanol extract of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) leaves (MECN) using various animal nociceptive models. The antinociceptive activity of orally administered 10% DMSO, 100 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 5 mg/kg morphine, or MECN (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was determined using the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction (ACT), formalin-induced paw licking (FT), and hot plate tests (HPT). The role of opioid and nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) systems was also investigated. The results showed that MECN produced a significant (p < 0.05) antinociceptive response in all nociceptive models with the recorded ED50 value of 279.3 mg/kg for the ACT, while, for the early and late phases of the FT, the value was >500 mg/kg or 227.7 mg/kg, respectively. This antinociceptive activity was fully antagonized by naloxone (a nonselective opioid antagonist) but was partially reversed by l-arginine (l-arg; a nitric oxide [NO] precursor), Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME; an NO synthase inhibitor), or their combinations thereof. In contrast, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; a soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) enhanced the extract's antinociception. UHPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoid-based compounds with antinociceptive action. In conclusion, MECN exerted the peripherally and centrally mediated antinociceptive activity via the modulation of the opioid/NO-mediated, but cGMP-independent, systems.

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“…The immunotherapy is the only treatment available, but it has side effects like serum illness, pyrogen reactions moreover the non-availability and storing problems have lead the researchers to look for other sources to treat snake bite effects (2). It has been reported that various medicinal plants species such as Hibiscus aethiopicus L. [10], Sabah Snake Grass [11], and Andrographis paniculata [12] can effectively reduce or neutralize all the fourteen toxic cobra venom proteins and used against snake envenomation in folkloric medicine. Tamarind plant (Tamarindus indica), aside from its use in cooking, is also employed for medicinal purposes and widely used as traditional herbal medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Study on the Protective Effects of Tamarind Seed Extract on Cobra Venom in Mice

Al-Ani

Ismail

Maung

et al. 2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) has been used as a medical plant for treating many human and animal diseases and widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of snake bites. The objective of the study is to investigate whether tamarind seed extract (TSE) has neutralization activity on an adverse histological reaction against venoms of the King Cobra.Methods: A total of 20 healthy mature male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 mice in each. The control group was injected with 1 ml of normal saline. The second group was injected subcutaneously with a single dose of 24.96 μg/20 g King Cobra venom (KCV) solution. The third group was injected with the same dose of KCV solution and 10 mg/20 g of TSE. The fourth group was injected with the same dose of KCV solution and 15 mg/20 g TSE solution. The animals were sacrificed after 24 hrs of injection of the solution. Fragments of muscle, kidney, and liver were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed for light microscopical studies.Results: The result showed that TSE reduced the histopathological changes induced by the KCV in the muscles, livers, and kidneys, and the improvement was proportional to the applied dose of the TSE indicating that TSE prevents adverse histological changes in the muscle, liver, and kidney.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that TSE reduced the histopathological changes in the muscle, liver, and kidney induced by KCV in mice.

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Evaluation of cytotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic potential of leaf extracts of three medicinal plants using Allium cepa chromosome assay

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Allelopathic Effects of Adonis vernalis L.: Root Growth Inhibition and Cytogenetic Alterations

Allelopathic Effects of Adonis vernalis L.: Root Growth Inhibition and Cytogenetic Alterations

Methanolic Extract of Clinacanthus nutans Exerts Antinociceptive Activity via the Opioid/Nitric Oxide‐Mediated, but cGMP‐Independent, Pathways

Histological Study on the Protective Effects of Tamarind Seed Extract on Cobra Venom in Mice

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