Evaluation of Denosumab treatment on healing of calvarial bone defect: Histological experimental trial

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of denosumab application on calvarial bony defects of rabbits through histological, and radiological methods. Material & Methods:In our current experimental study 30 healthy adult New Zealand male Rabbits were used in evaluation of the healing capacity of densoumab on calvarial bone defect. We assigned animals randomly with ratio (1:1) to either study group receiving the examined drug or the control group that received no treatments. Animals in the Study group received denosumab injection after carrying out surgery to create osseous defects while in control group animals did not receive any drug postoperatively. At 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively, five animals from each group were euthanized. All groups were examined radiographically for bone density, histologically for the type and progression of the healing process, the characteristics of the developed connective tissue, the nature of the formed osteoid matrix, inflammatory process associated nature. Results:The radiographic examination as well as the histological examination showed a significant difference between the Study group (denosumab group) & the control group in bone healing capacity. The (denosumab group) showed formation of new thin woven bone bridges 2 weeks postoperatively that became thicker at 6 weeks then at 12 weeks both groups showed signs of healing but the Study group (denosumab group) had more lamellar well organized bone with new haversian systems with wide osteons. Conclusion:The results demonstrate that Denosnamb promoted bone healing in critical-size calvarial defects.