Evaluation of dietary single probiotic isolates and probiotic multistrain consortia in growth performance, gut histology, gut microbiota, immune regulation, and infection resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, shows superior monostrain performance

Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on apoptosis, digestive enzymes, and intestinal histological structure and flora of swamp eel (Monopterus albus)

“…13,14 It also has an important role in the development and regulation of the immune system of the host. 15,16 NPs can induce excessive oxidative stress in the body, 17,18 interfere with normal nutrient absorption and metabolism, and directly disrupt the intestinal flora of aquatic organisms, such as zebrafish, which can in turn lead to intestinal inflammation. [19][20][21] Monopterus albus, commonly known as the rice eel or swamp eel, is a freshwater carnivorous fish that is widely distributed in muddy ponds, marshes and rice fields throughout Asia.…”

“…13,14 It also has an important role in the development and regulation of the immune system of the host. 15,16 NPs can induce excessive oxidative stress in the body, 17,18 interfere with normal nutrient absorption and metabolism, and directly disrupt the intestinal flora of aquatic organisms, such as zebrafish, which can in turn lead to intestinal inflammation. 19–21…”